Heck Of A Thing To Steal

Bacteriophages are viruses adapted to living and replicating within bacteria. Because of their position, they don’t typically engage in gene-transfer with anything beyond other bacteriophages and its host bacteria.

Typically.

NewScientist (15 October 2016) reports on the detection of a gene in a virus from an arachnid, and, well, here it is:

[The virus named] WO, however, faces an unusual challenge: its targets are Wolbachia bacteria living in the cells of insects, spiders and some other animals. That means that for it to attack new targets, WO has to escape not only from its existing Wolbachia host, but also from the eukaryotic cell. The virus particles must then evade the eukaryote’s powerful immune system.

Many viruses of eukaryotic cells [i.e., non-bacterial cells] co-opt genes from their hosts to help them do this. To see if WO could do the same, microbiologists Sarah and Seth Bordenstein at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, sequenced its genome. They found several genes closely related to ones present in eukaryotes, including the gene for latrotoxin, the poison used by black widow spiders. It kills by poking holes in cell membranes, making it a plausible tool for a virus needing to escape from a eukaryotic cell (Nature Communications, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13155).

Interesting. I wonder about the likelihood of the Wolbachia bacteria ever invading human hosts. And whether or not the virus makes enough latrotoxin to seriously damage the human host. A virus is very small, but it uses the machinery of the cell it has invaded to reproduce – and, in this case, produce the latrotoxin. Perhaps if enough viruses were active at the same time…

But Wolbachia is interesting for other reasons. The High-Tech Society is also on this subject and contributes an additional interesting tidbit:

Wolbachia is currently being studied as a way to repress the virus spreading capabilities of mosquitos, after studies showed that it prevents the spread of dengue and zika virus in infected mosquitoes. Being able to edit it before infecting mosquitoes would offer scientists more control over the effects, and more repression of viruses like Zika. WO also spreads freely among wolbachia, meaning that spreading it to even a small population could eventually result in large scale results.

Constrained By Walls: A Response to David French and the National Review

National Review is a conservative publication that has, no doubt, been a miserable institution ever since the GOP primaries started. They backed Cruz, a highly questionable candidate for a truly conservative publication, and then he went and lost. They loathe Trump, the selection of the “conservative” party members, to the point where they’ve published an article by David French entitled, “If only by comparison to Clinton and Trump, Obama looks better in American voters’ eyes.

The first time I read it (only part way), it irked me.

The second time, my engineer mind came out and I wanted to solve it. The article was obviously wrong. But it was time for bed.

Now, hours later, I just feel sad for David. Whether or not French is writing with his convictions or just for the bucks, it’s clear that he knows how to put words together, but not how to write from the heart. What do I mean?

There are two ways to evaluate something. You can evaluate something with a pre-determined conclusion in mind, or you can let the facts lead you to the logical conclusion. It’s not so surprising that a writer for an ideological publication might walk down the former path, but I think it holds dangers far greater than most people acknowledge. Briefly, to begin with, it leads to false conclusions based on false or incomplete reasoning.

barnaclesAND THEN those false conclusions and bad reasoning are incorporated into the next discussion, where more are generated on top of the first, and soon the ship of argument needs to be brought into drydock to have the stubborn barnacles removed. If it makes it. More likely, they’re left on the hull where they’ll befoul all the reasoning that follows them. It’s slack thinking that may please the editor or publisher, but does nothing for the reader.

So David indulges in easy writing that is certain not to challenge those who most want to believe the worst of Obama. From the cited article:

But what about Obama? Economic growth in the last eight years lags behind post-war averages. So does GDP growth. So does job growth. Debt has grown more as a percentage of GDP, and for most of Obama’s two terms, median income has actually fallen. His signature domestic achievement — Obamacare — is unraveling before our eyes. His domestic record is far from the worst. But it’s not close to the best, either.

His foreign policy, meanwhile, has been nothing short of a disaster. Every American enemy is stronger than when he took office. Jihadists hold more territory now than they did before, and they strike allied cities across the world. Russia invaded the Ukraine and continues to advance its interests at the West’s expense. China is growing increasingly aggressive. The winner of the Nobel Peace Prize has put American troops back in harm’s way in Iraq and has engaged American forces in combat in more countries than that nasty neocon warmonger George W. Bush ever did.

apples-and-orangesOn the surface, this may seem shipshape – but it’s actually just fluff to reassure the choir faithful (my Arts Editor reminds me that choirs are only sometimes faith-filled). On the domestic front, to take just one point, comparing economic growth to post-war averages is a futile exercise. As anyone with two sticks to rub together knows, there’s more to starting a fire than rubbing those sticks – there’s tinder, moisture, and, to be abstract, that entire concept called context. For the question of evaluating the economic recovery, context includes a myriad of variables that have changed since those averages began, such as the cost of transport (key to the movement of manufacturing jobs overseas), taxes, infrastructure, overseas competition, even the weather. From where did Obama start? Was Congress cooperative or antagonistic? Governance is a team game, after all, and, as those who’ve been paying attention for the last few years, a large part of the team refuses to acknowledge the leadership of the team captain.

In short, the comparison is utterly meaningless. His other points on the domestic front are equally questionable, suffering from lack of real analysis to simple hyperbole. The ACA is not unraveling, it’s simply suffering teething problems.

In foreign affairs, again, it’s necessary to penetrate more than a millimeter. First, we must recall that we, at least on the surface, have no desire to be a colonial power, and that means that sometimes powers arise in foreign lands that we cannot initially influence. Just as I would not blame the Bush/Cheney Administration for “permitting” the attack on the Twin Towers, I also am not willing to give any sympathy to an attempt to tar Obama with the responsibility for the rise of ISIL. Indeed, seeing that it arose from the smoking remains of the War on Iraq, a neocon-instigated war, there are more legitimate directions to point fingers. All that said, the territory held by jihadists is daily shrinking, and while they no doubt may still reach out and cause death and misery, as in France earlier this year, they have discovered the West is resolute, not dissolute, as their ideology dictated, and the American military continues to strike fear into their hearts. The real question isn’t why Obama permitted the rise of ISIL, but what are the behaviors of the local leaders that cause such dissatisfaction? Or is it in the hearts of all men to seek power?

Because we’re talking about the responsibilities of writing, then let me ask, not in an ideological or combative manner, but in an inquisitive rhetorical manner, Why did French not mention al-Quaeda as part of foreign affairs? Its iconic leader was killed by Obama’s order after a concentrated effort to find him. Or what of Libya? Colonel Gaddafi, long time Libyan strongman, and the man held responsible for the bombing and crash of Pan Am Flight 103, was executed by Libyan rebels with the key support of the American military, under Obama’s direction. Are either of these developments negatives? And yet they are not acknowledged. “… nothing short of a disaster.” These are not fluff questions, but substantive issues that he, as a writer, should confront.

But why?

He’s a writer working for an ideological publication, writing for an audience with certain expectations.

That’s the counter-argument, isn’t it? Do your job, French, and don’t rile the audience.

Here’s the problem: the front and center requirement, as alluded to in the counter-argument, is this: cosset the audience. Make them happy, send them to bed with smiles on their faces, or, if it suits the publisher, anger in their hearts. Lead them around the way they want to be lead around.

And that leads to the central question: Where’s the truth? Not what I would call the prescriptive truth, that truth designated by National Review as the goal of every article, the foundation of the two paragraphs I quoted above. This is also known as the ideological truth, the same as that aforementioned ideological truth of ISIL, which is leading to its downfall.

But the truth that every writer, fiction or not, should hold dear to their heart – the belief that writing should honestly lead readers to truth. Put it in bold and think about it! Yes, inform the reader – not off the cuff, but to the best of your ability – or, better yet, experts at that analysis. Put those facts together. And then what’s the logical conclusion? In the end, the reader should be inspired, should have their world view widened, should think about the subject a little differently.

And if they’re shocked by your truth, yet find your logic and reasoning irrefutable, then maybe – MAYBE – you’ve done your job.

And, because you pursued the truth, rather than the ideology, then the ideology might become better. Ideology does not define truth; truth leads to ideology. When that flows in the wrong direction, then the ideology simply becomes a machine to relay and amplify mankind’s desires. And, as there is little regulation once reality is discarded, soon those desires become base.

(Given the dysfunctionalism of today’s GOP, I might say that David is a microcosm of the larger problems of conservatism, a political movement that has explicitly discarded reality in that reality collides with the precepts of its ideology. This has not served it well.)

SO, AS A writer, how does one deal with these hard subjects if cheap comparisons are out? In this particular case, I think you have to look at the options available to the President, and then evaluate those roads not taken. Would they have led to a better future? Hard stuff to do, sure. But better than what David wrote. David is supposed to be the expert, but even I, barely an enthusiastic amateur, found it trivial to rip those two paragraphs apart.

David, your writing was awful; you did a disservice to your devoted readers. And neither they nor you probably even realized it. Sure, you got the words in the right order, you’re easy on the eyes, and you don’t sound like Trump, but the analysis was, at best, lazy. And, yes, you’re right – the cliche involving the word dishonest crossed my mind, and it’s not unworthy.

And, David, as you are a writer, I must, with reluctance, serve up the worst insult of all. I did not finish reading your article. Because if the bungled analysis I encountered immediately was that bad, then the rest of the article was not worth my time. And – it’s not worthy of the ideology.

Do better, David.

Gaming The Systems, Ctd

A reader notes that this is not just a game for individuals:

Prolly organized by a private firm or firms that do “reputation management”. UC Davis hired a firm like that to scrub Google after the pepper spray incident with students.

And here’s an article on that, from the Sacramento Bee:

UC Davis contracted with consultants for at least $175,000 to scrub the Internet of negative online postings following the November 2011 pepper-spraying of students and to improve the reputations of both the university and Chancellor Linda P.B. Katehi, newly released documents show.

The payments were made as the university was trying to boost its image online and were among several contracts issued following the pepper-spray incident.

Some payments were made in hopes of improving the results computer users obtained when searching for information about the university or Katehi, results that one consultant labeled “venomous rhetoric about UC Davis and the chancellor.”

Others sought to improve the school’s use of social media and to devise a new plan for the UC Davis strategic communications office, which has seen its budget rise substantially since Katehi took the chancellor’s post in 2009. Figures released by UC Davis show the strategic communications budget increased from $2.93 million in 2009 to $5.47 million in 2015.

Scrubbing out unpleasant aspects of the truth, perhaps? I’m sure they’d argue it was lies or badly twisted truth, but it seems to me that should be met with rebuttals, not an eraser. From this perspective, it just makes them look worse.

Rising ACA Rates, Ctd

A reader responds to Conover’s analysis of CEO compensation’s effect on health insurance costs:

Well of course the compensation for just one executive in one year at a healthcare insurance company is only a small number per covered live, since they insure millions of people. But it’s very appropriately emblematic of the situation: add up all of the excessive compensation for all employees (e.g. most of the management, or the whole company, if you believe them completely unnecessary). One could throw in dividends paid to stock holders as well. Regardless of how conservative an estimate one makes, it does start to add up. It does ALL add to the cost of health care, since not one cent you pay to an insurance company that they do NOT then pay to doctors, clinics, etc. is money effectively wasted. And since that overhead is well over 30% for most insurers, it’s billions of dollars nationwide.

It’s also emblematic in the picture of greed. If executives at healthcare insurance companies get paid so much, it’s clear they don’t give a flying frog about the health and well-being of the 99%. They’re simply in it for greed and more greed. Tar and feather them all, I say.

 

Life Is Not Necessarily Linear

SCOTUS Justice Samuel Alito discussing his family history at the University of Buffalo Law Center:

When Alito’s father immigrated to the U.S. from Italy, he worked in a factory after graduating top of his high school class. He said he would never have gone to college if it weren’t for a $50 scholarship someone gave him.

“I don’t know who provided it, but I’m grateful to that person because it changed the whole history of our country,” Alito said.

A bacteria can fell us, a trivial scholarship can provide that first step up the ladder.

Banking & Contracts & Blockchains

On Lawfare Sarah Tate Chambers gives some good coverage to banks around the world, SWIFT, and how the technology behind the digital currency bitcoin is playing into the banking future:

However, some financial groups are looking to systems beyond SWIFT to secure their transfers. After 18 months of preliminary work, Visa has invited a small number of European banks to join in a project that uses a blockchain for interbank transfers. A blockchain is a distributed ledger born in the Bitcoin system that allows a network of computers to contribute to it as well as verify it, negating the need for a central authority. Visa’s project also uses smart contracts, self-executing computer protocols that carry out or enforce contractual obligations. This combination allows for simultaneous transfers with heightened security.

Rather than creating its own system, J.P. Morgan Chase is using Ethereum, a publically accessible blockchain-based platform, to develop its own project, Quorum. While running off of a public system, Quorum limits access to transactions to those who need to know the details, known as permissioned blockchain technology.

Four big banks—UBS, BY Mellon, Santander, and Deutsche Bank—have banded together with ICAP, a broker, and Clearmatics, a London-based blockchain company, to explore blockchain transfers. Rather than using bitcoin, they created their own cryptocurrency, the Utility Settlement Coin (USC), which can be exchanged between banks and is the equivalent of its paired real world currency. USCs will be backed by cash in a central bank. They have proposed the project to central banks with an expected roll-out date of early 2018.

I’d never heard the term ‘smart contract’ before. While Wikipedia has a definition, I thought this discussion by Ledger Labs‘ head of operations Josh Stark on CoinDesk was more interesting:

They are defined variously as “autonomous machines”, “contracts between parties stored on a blockchain” or “any computation that takes place on a blockchain”. Many debates about the nature of smart contracts are really just contests between competing terminology.

The different definitions usually fall into one of two categories. Sometimes the term is used to identify a specific technology – code that is stored, verified and executed on a blockchain. Let’s call this type of definition “smart contract code”.

Other times, the term is used to refer to a specific application of that technology: as a complement, or substitute, for legal contracts. Let’s name these “smart legal contracts”.

Using the same term to refer to distinct concepts makes answering even simple questions impossible. For instance, one question I’m often asked is simply: what are the capabilities of a smart contract?

If we are talking about smart contract code, then the answer depends on the capabilities of the language used to express the contract and the technical features of the blockchain on which it operates.

But if we are asking about using that technology to create a binding legal agreement, or an effective substitute for a binding legal agreement, the answer depends on far more than the technology. This answer depends on existing legal doctrine and how our legal, political and commercial institutions decide to treat the technology. If businesspeople don’t trust it, the legislature doesn’t recognize it and the courts can’t interpret it, then it won’t be a very practically useful “contract”.

This remark suggests that either I don’t fully comprehend the nature of blockchains, or Josh is being sloppy as well:

Blockchains can run code. While the first blockchains were designed to perform a small set of simple operations – mainly, transactions of a currency-like token – techniques have been developed to allow blockchains to perform more complex operations, defined in full-fledged programming languages.

Because these programs are run on a blockchain, they have unique characteristics compared to other types of software. First, the program itself is recorded on the blockchain, which gives it a blockchain’s characteristic permanence and censorship resistance. Second, the program can itself control blockchain assets – i.e., it can store and transfer amounts of cryptocurrency. Third, the program is executed by the blockchain, meaning it will always execute as written and no one can interfere with its operation.

He later mentions storing programs on the blockchain, so perhaps I’m just ignorant. Ah, yes:

Smart contract programs can themselves hold balances of cryptocurrency, or even control other smart contract programs. Once they are created, they can act autonomously when called to perform an action. For this reason, many prefer the term “smart agent”, analogous to the more general concept of a software agent.

So this is interesting and making more sense. And Josh wrote a good piece. His speculation on a new kind of contract was thought-provoking:

The most widely discussed opportunity of this type is machine-to-machine commerce. The growing ecosystem of smart devices – particularly those that are in some fashion autonomous – will eventually need a way to engage in basic commercial interactions with one another. For instance, a washer that buys its own detergent or a car that can pay to recharge itself.

These transactions still require a minimum level of trust to be commercially viable, but are ill-suited for legal contracts, which are comparatively expensive and require the involvement of legal persons like a corporation or human. Smart alternative contracts might enable an entirely new type of commerce carried out between our computers, cars, phones, and appliances.

In this particular example, I could see dishwashers sold with a lifetime supply of detergent – perhaps not requiring legal attention in and of of itself, as it’s part of the deal for the dishwasher. But that doesn’t invalidate Josh’s larger point.

Twin Cities Artist – Kater the Alchemist

In the news recently, we find Kater the Alchemist, natal name and identity unknown.  Starting as a graffiti artist, he has his first one-day gallery show  “Nightmare on Kater St.” this coming Saturday, October 29, from  5-10 p.m. at the Riverview Business Plaza, 320 Chester St., St. Paul  MN.

Hue asked if I thought this was worthy art.  My response:  “Oh, yes.  Extremely worthy art.”  See pictures and read about the artist here and here.  Then go see the show.

kater4  kater1

A Touch of Humanity

Jason Urbanus covers some recently World War I discoveries, mostly in terms of more bodies discovered, in an offline article, “A Last Day, Reclaimed,” Archaeology, November / December 2016 pp 48-53. In the midst of the deadly chaos of trench warfare, the medical personnel retained some sense of humanity:

As bodies were transferred to the cemetery, their personal military identification tags would have been kept by the hospital staff. Archaeologists have discovered that in some instances a death certificate, recording a cause of death, had been placed in a glass bottle and buried with the deceased. Many of these documents have become faded and illegible over the past century, but they are evidence of an attempt to keep some kind of identification with the soldiers.

Struggling against the madness of that war.

(Emphasis mine.)

Rising ACA Rates, Ctd

I asked what impact C-Suite executive salaries have on insurance rates, and it turns out that Chris Conover on Forbes took a shot at answering the closely associated question: if the CEOs’ compensation were confiscated and used to pay down insurance rates, what would be the impact?

How much money might the average plan member save if only we could confiscate the allegedly “eye-popping” (former industry “insider” Wendell Potter’s characterization) CEO compensation paid to executives of the nation’s largest health insurers?

The answer? Peanuts.

I went to the proxy statements of all 9 health insurance and managed care companies appearing on last year’s Fortune 500 list (this year’s list will not appear until May). As stock investors are well aware, the summary compensation table lists all components of compensation provided to each of the firm’s executive officers. These include salary, bonuses, stock awards, other non-equity forms of incentive compensation and other types of compensation such as health insurance, retirement and similar fringe benefits. Not all firms have yet reported their 2015 compensation levels, so I used 2014 figures and divided these by the latest membership figures I could find in annual reports etc.

The results are instructive. Average total CEO compensation at Fortune 500 health insurers amounts to 42 cents per member!screen-shot-2015-06-24-at-9-58-14-am

screen-shot-2015-06-24-at-9-59-05-amWhich is fascinating, if accurate. And makes the central question of the motivation for the jump in rates that much more interesting. A reader did point me at a FB posting of some salaries, but I was unable to verify the source. Instead, I dug this up from MedCity News, which includes a quote from the aforementioned Wendell Potter:

Wendell Potter, former public relations executive for Cigna, where CEO David Cordani raked in a $14.5 million salary in 2014, said, “There’s no doubt that one of the reasons why Americans pay more for health insurance and for healthcare than people in any other country in the world is because of this high executive compensation.”

So who’s right? On the one hand, the guy actually doing math is more impressive than the PR guy who’s just waving his hands. On the other hand, does the math actually make sense?

You, Too, Can Occupy Federal Facilities

I’m somewhat astonished – although without facts, it’s difficult to know if it’s a justified astonishment – at this CNN report out of Oregon that the occupiers of a federal wildlife refuge were found innocent of nearly all charges (the last charge, of theft, was not resolved). I’m a little puzzled – ok, really puzzled – how folks can occupy a federal facility, without permission, while heavily armed, and NOT be convicted.

But, like I said, I don’t have all the facts. I am looking forward to hearing someone who sat through the trial, or at least studied the transcript, explain why the jury could not find them guilty. Having sat on a jury roughly a year ago myself, weighed the evidence, and found the defendant not guilty, I do understand that sometimes the evidence is not what you might want, and that the particular requirements of the charges are not meant. You’re left feeling something illegal happened, but exactly what does not match the charges – and you can’t make up your own. So you find them not guilty.

I shan’t speculate further, since I suspect we all know the possible problems with the system.

Or, possibly, this is the beginning of the end of the American system.

Word of the Day

apotropaic:

Apotropaic magic (from Greek apotrepein “to ward off” from apo- “away” and trepein “to turn”) is a type of magic intended to turn away harm or evil influences, as in deflecting misfortune or averting the evil eye. [Wikipedia]

From the Artifact column of Archaeology (November / December, 2016):

Found during recent renovation work [at St. John’s College at the University of Cambridge], behind the wainscoting between a window and a fireplace, the well-worn shoe was put there almost three centuries ago as an apotropaic item intended to ward off evil and bad luck. Popular magic of this kind was a relatively widespread phenomenon in England between the sixteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries, with shoes being the most common items secreted, explains [archaeologist Richard] Newman. While the discovery of concealed items is by no means uncommon, he says “it’s always exciting because practical magic represents a silent tradition—there is no documentary record of the practice of concealment—and archaeology allows us to explore an otherwise little-known facet of the social lives of those in the past.”

Printed Bones

This report from NewScientist (8 October 2016) is interesting:

… an ink has been developed that can be used to 3D print bone implants in any size, shape and form – from leg bones to entire skulls. And because the implants are flexible, they can be cut into the perfect shape in the operating theatre.

The ink is made from hydroxyapatite, a mineral found naturally in bone, and PLGA, a polymer that binds the mineral particles together and gives the implants their elasticity. …

Once in place, the implants are rapidly infiltrated by blood vessels and gradually turn into natural bone (Science Translational Medicine, doi.org/bq8r). This offers a cheap and versatile way to repair an injury.

Turns into bone? Wow. I wonder what limitations there might be. Could they print a middle ear and have it work?

Parodying Parodies

How many levels of parody can there be? My Arts Editor sends me this article by ReverbPress‘ Timothy Bertrand, reporting on the dissolution of Trump’s Policy Advisors Group:

The Donald Trump campaign neglected to pay so many D.C. policy advisers and staffers, many of them have quit, according to a new report from The Washington Post. Beginning in August, staffers at Trump’s Washington, D.C.-based policy shop have been unhappy about missing wages, poor management, and general abuse of the staff.

“They use and abuse people,” a former staffer told reporter Josh Rogin. “The policy office fell apart in August when the promised checks weren’t delivered.” He also called the office a “complete disaster”.

Several former staff members say they were promised financial compensation for their hours of hard work poring over documents, writing policy memos, and organizing meetings and briefings. The leaders of the shop, former chiefs of staff Rick Dearborn and John Mashburn, later told the staff members that they were unpaid volunteers.

It’s like a parody of a cartoon parodying a banana dictatorship. I’m not even sure who’s more at fault – Trump’s organization for not handling this professionally? The folks who turned out to be “unpaid volunteers”, for not clarifying the situation from the get-go? Trump for skimping on everything he could possibly skimp on, like any “good businessman” – without realizing he’s not in the world of business anymore?

I’m agog. I mean, the guy doesn’t even have charisma. How does he retain this high level of support in the polls?

North Korean TV

38 North‘s Martyn Williams checks in on the latest television developments in North Korea:

TV viewers in North Korea are no longer tied to watching shows at the time they air. The country has begun an “Intranet” Protocol Television (IPTV) service providing access to live and catch-up TV, according to a report carried by Korean Central Television on Tuesday, August 16. The IPTV service demonstrates greater media accessibility to the DPRK’s four TV channels, previously available only through a simple, one-time over-the-air broadcast. North Korea’s state TV appears likely to expand its potential reach by making programming available outside of its traditional 3pm to 11pm broadcast time, and free up viewers to tune in at their convenience.

The DPRK’s new streaming service demonstrates a technological advancement for the country, as it is run off North Korea’s Kwangmyong intranet, and could become an indicator of intranet accessibility in North Korean households.

But Williams has a caution for North Koreans thinking of using the service:

However, there is the question of availability: it is unclear how many apartment buildings and houses in North Korea have access to the kind of high-speed data service that such a service relies on. There is also the issue of control and monitoring, as with such a service, monitoring of what programs are watched per household is technically possible.

Prepping for Brexit

The UK has not yet achieved the ecstacy of Brexit (or will it be the agony), but there are already chewy bits showing up in their beer. Lawfare‘s Shannon Togawa Mercer analyzes:

Despite that, the tension surrounding foreign workers in the United Kingdom and their post-Brexit status has already begun to mount. After the September Tory conference to which I alluded above, Home Secretary Amber Rudd distributed a controversial briefing note suggesting that companies may have to aggregate and disclose to the government a list of the foreign workers in their employ. The note precipitated responses from more than 100 business leaders condemning the plan on the grounds that it would “hurt the economy, hurt workers’ rights and hurt Britain’s standing as a tolerant country.” The Government, in response, clarified its intention to “consult with businesses…on how [to] do more encourage [sic] companies – to incentivise them – to look first at the British labour market.” While no formal policy has changed, at least one other instance of ambiguous government policy has suggested a burgeoning panic regarding the government’s approach to foreign workers. On October 8, the Washington Post reported that professors at the London School of Economics (LSE) accused the British Foreign Office of making foreign academics ineligible to advise the government. The Foreign Office has denied any policy change post-Brexit, but reports coming from foreign professors at LSE have garnered a lot of press.

There’s been talk of a hard Brexit. Is that the only option?

While exiting from one of the four freedoms is a non-starter from an EU perspective, there may be a way to thread the needle in a softer Brexit. The Guardian reported in July that senior EU officials may consider allowing for an “em ergency brake” on the movement of people for a period of several years in order to avoid a shock to the EU economy and allow the U.K. to stay in the single market while assuaging the immigration concerns expressed in the process leading up the referendum. In exchange, the rights of EU citizens in the U.K would be protected for the term of the “emergency brake.” Further to the potential for a compromise, Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Hammond has recently broken with May’s stance on immigration, suggesting that foreign students should not be counted in net migration numbers. Even more recently, former Tory leader Michael Howard, an oft-described eurosceptic, has said that he “think[s] the Government should make it clear now that those EU citizens who are currently living in this country would be allowed to stay in this country, would be allowed to carry on working in this country, would be allowed to carry on studying. I don’t think we should wait for any question of reciprocity.” If there are fractured opinions in Whitehall, the red-line of immigration control may fade into a fuzzier gray.

Probably not good enough for Scotland. I’m still betting on a breakup of the UK, now that Scotland has less reason to stick around.

Without Further Comment

From the Yale Record:

This year’s presidential election is highly unusual, but ultimately no different: The Yale Record believes both candidates to be equally un-endorsable, due to our faithful compliance with the tax code.

In particular, we do not endorse Hillary Clinton’s exemplary leadership during her 30 years in the public eye. We do not support her impressive commitment to serving and improving this country—a commitment to which she has dedicated her entire professional career. Because of unambiguous tax law, we do not encourage you to support the most qualified presidential candidate in modern American history, nor do we encourage all citizens to shatter the glass ceiling once and for all by electing Secretary Clinton on November 8.

The Yale Record has no opinion whatsoever on Dr. Jill Stein.

Gaming The Systems

Eugene Volokh and Paul Levy of The Volokh Conspiracy discuss a new way to game the legal system:

There are about 25 court cases throughout the country that have a suspicious profile:

  • All involve allegedly self-represented plaintiffs, yet they have similar snippets of legalese that suggest a common organization behind them. (A few others, having a slightly different profile, involve actual lawyers.)
  • All the ostensible defendants ostensibly agreed to injunctions being issued against them, which often leads to a very quick court order (in some cases, less than a week).
  • Of these 25-odd cases, 15 give the addresses of the defendants — but a private investigator (Giles Miller of Lynx Insights & Investigations) couldn’t find a single one of the ostensible defendants at the ostensible address.

Now, you might ask, what’s the point of suing a fake defendant (to the extent that some of these defendants are indeed fake)? How can anyone get any real money from a fake defendant? How can anyone order a fake defendant to obey a real injunction?

They go on to explain that by filing and winning a libel suit against someone who doesn’t exist, but who authored a libelous comment, those who want to erase stories from Google can show Google that judgment, and Google will remove the story from its indexes.

A later blog post indicates that these filings are being dismissed:

And Monday evening I learned that yet another pending case that shares the same pattern — similar procedural strategy, similar language in the documents, similar lack of any connection between the ostensible defendant and the ostensible defendant’s address in any public records — had been voluntarily dismissed, on the day that Paul Alan Levy and I put up our post on the subject. That case is Carter v. Quinn, filed in Florida state court, and it seems to have been an attempt to get Google to deindex a Charleston Post & Courier article about a sex crime arrest (though note that the arrest might not have led to a conviction). The article went up in January 2014, but then in July 2016 a comment was posted to the article. (The comment has been deleted in the past few weeks, but the people at the Post & Courier assure me that it wasn’t deleted by them.)

The infinite plasticity of the Web will let digital crimes pop up and disappear like the virtual particles of physicists.

Did anything like this happen before the Web?

Rising ACA Rates

Steve Benen on MaddowBlog provides a useful public service – context! – with regard to the rise in ACA rates which has caused a ruckus:

No one should characterize this as good news, but some of the details are getting lost in the shuffle. For example, the vast majority of Americans are covered through their employer, Medicare, Medicaid, or the VA. Those on the individual marketplace may face steep increases, but (a) it will depend a lot on where they live; (b) federal subsidies are also increasing, which will soften the blow and insulate most of those covered through the individual market; and (c) this will be a concern for a tiny percentage of the population.

Of course, if you’re in that sliver of the population, it doesn’t much matter whether or not you have a lot of company. All that matters for these consumers is that coverage is going to be a lot less affordable. The question then becomes what happens next.

The fact remains, regular medical checkups and care will greatly reduce the cost of medical care to society – and if that means we have to subsidize the users of the ACA a little more, we’re still well ahead of the game. I’ve been wondering about the mad panic displayed by the local Republicans when Dayton shot his mouth off with “… but the reality is the Affordable Care Act is no longer affordable.” [minnesota.cbslocal.com] The cries of “it’s totally broken” and “we must destroy the monster” have been annoying, and makes me wonder if they ever try thinking. Perhaps there should be an inquiry into why the rates have gone so high? Perhaps they made an actuarial mistake – or perhaps there’s some collusion. How much higher will taxes need to rise in order to lower the effective rate increase to, say, 10%? What are we talking here, anyways?

Not to be snarky or anything, but has anyone calculated how much rates would drop if the salaries of the C-suite execs of the participating companies were dropped to reasonable levels? Say, no more than half a million a year?

Losing As A Form of Dissolution, Ctd

A reader remarks concerning the original post on this thread:

You’re awfully optimistic. Didn’t they say those same horrible things about Obama, too?

Yes, and now they’ve had 8 years of being wrong. I figure eventually it’ll be like a lake eating away at the thin wall – the believers will finally shriek ENOUGH!, and run away from them. Especially those who’ve been RINO-ized.

Like Josh Barro.

Reducing Crime By Flooding The Streets With Criminals, Ctd

A reader is skeptical about this result:

This looks suspect to me. It’s counter logical in multiple dimensions, for one. Schacht’s conclusion seems to be a wild guess which could or may not be supported by the data. That is, the data don’t suggest that as the reason — it’s just one crazy possibility. Your remarks about (I think, if I understood correctly) about men knowing the relative numbers of competing men in order to modify their behavior is telling. I have no idea which counties have more or fewer women than men in Minnesota, for example, and I consider myself better informed than most. 20 years ago, one would have to visit a library to find that kind of thing out, too. I’d like to see more evidence.

Yes, there are some doubts. I don’t recall reading in the study as to whether there was any attempt to compensate for varying cultural traditions, for example. The results remain provocative, though.

Another reader reacts to the first:

A surplus-male population means women have a broader selection of mates for the purposes of personal protection. The greater rate of violence against women in female-surplus populations reflects the default rate of aggression that will occur in the absence of protection.

Doesn’t reflect well on male behavior.

Not in the least. It’s a view of men, stripped of the trappings of civilization, as carriers of genes that are driven to replicate. Coldly calculating as to whether rape or marry is not the kind of man I run into, frankly, in my limited experience, although sometimes this one or that one seems misogynistic.

That said, does it really reflect a default rate? I’m not sure what that might mean. In the absence of civilization? Is mankind really mankind without civilization?

The Comforting Protection of Air

Spaceweather.com describes an experiment in which the ambient radiation levels are measured:

aviationrads_strip

Source: Spaceweather.com

Radiation levels in the cabin of the Boeing 767 (Condor flight 2091) tripled within ten minutes after takeoff, and were nearly 40 times ground level by the time the plane reached cruising altitude at 33,000 feet. There was no solar storm in progress. The extra radiation was just a regular drizzle of cosmic rays reaching down to aviation altitudes. This radiation is ever-present and comes from supernovas, black holes, and other sources across the galaxy.


Another reason to avoid flying more than a couple of times a year. Wait, what as that other reason? Oh, yeah – climate change. From the David Suzuki Foundation:

freight-comparison-ipcc

Source: David Suzuki Foundation/IPCC

How do greenhouse gas emissions from flying compare with emissions from other forms of transport, like driving?Compared to other modes of transport, such as driving or taking the train, travelling by air has a greater climate impact per passenger kilometre, even over longer distances (see graph below). It’s also the mode of freight transport that produces the most emissions.

Horrifying Here, Commonplace There, Ctd

A reader writes about differing cultural customs:

My experience in Germany with a kid was that there are a lot fewer places kids are (group-wise) accepted. One child might accompany a parent to shop, or to a restaurant, but there generally were not many seen at one time in places of business. My son was welcomed just about everywhere, and he was fairly well-behaved and spoke with adults unabashedly. Our pace of living was less a sprint than a meander, so we were able to discuss life and expectations along the way. As for grandparents giving suggestions, ours seem often unwilling to talk much about how they did things, as the environment for a school-aged child is so different from the lives the grandparents recall.

Or even the life I recall. Although I suppose I could be a grandparent at this age.