The Enemy of my Friend is .. Umm …

Tensions have continued to grow stronger between Turkey and the United States because, as AL-Monitor reports, this:

A photographer for Agence France-Presse posted photos of US special forces soldiers fighting alongside the Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG) near Raqqa wearing the Kurdish army’s patch on their uniforms on May 27. The YPG is considered a terror organization in Turkey, but not by the United States and its allies. US support for the YPG in its fight against the Islamic State (IS) has been a point of growing tension between the United States and Turkey. As more photos and videos started circulating on social media, the public reaction in Turkey snowballed as well.

The reason for the anger?

Their importance goes beyond just spontaneous outbursts of anger. There is a strong undercurrent of resentment and anger, particularly among Islamist and ultranationalist groups.

Although no prominent members of Muslim organizations would signal overt support for IS, their resentment toward the United States has grown loud and clear after these photos. Ibrahim Sediyani, a journalist and prominent writer, was the lone voice of dissent among those contacted by Al-Monitor. Sediyani said, “The YPG is not attacking Turkey, and the United States and others have repeatedly told Turkey they do not consider the YPG a terror organization and will continue to support the YPG in its battle against IS. So what is the big deal about the patches, which is just a standard procedure in the field?”

Other pundits would not agree. Murat Ozer, chairman of the nongovernmental organization Imkander, told Al-Monitor, “Remember the photo of knocking down Saddam Hussein’s statute with its face wrapped with the US flag? That photo remains in the minds of Iraqis not as the liberation of Iraq from dictatorship, but as a sign of the US invasion of Iraq

Several other opinions are expressed, I suspect more reflective of internal ideologies of the organizations than reality on the ground. Still, this serves as a warning about the difficulties of having a coherent foreign policy. I’d hate to imagine Trump – or any of his proxies – trying to figure this mess out.

Belated Movie Reviews

It is a movie of thighs. The Seven Magnificent Gladiators (1983 or 1984, depending on the source) is a Lou Ferrigno vehicle in which he is hired, much like the Samurai of the classic Seven Samurai, to chase away bandits harassing a village. Everyone is showing a lot of thigh in this movie, and while Lou’s is the most muscular, the bad guy undoubtedly shows the most, a length of thigh which would probably be more at home on a style runway than serving as the showpiece of a villain with merely ugly designs on a village.

And yet this villain is the best acted in the piece, leering one moment, introspective the next, no doubt wondering at the implications of his immortality, even as he slices and dices his own mother. The rest of this movie reeks of incompetence, from script to acting (although the Roman emperor was entertainingly chewing the scenery at every opportunity) to effects; if this movie has not been the subject of an MST3K documentary, Joel has missed a bet.

In the end, my Arts Editor and I were forced to debate: was Lou’s right pectoral concealed because of poor plastic surgery, or was the left pec just that much better of an actor?

How They Listen

Computers, that is. NewScientist’s Hal Hodson (4 June 2016) reports on the new technology used for processing those thousands of hours of audio recordings:

Every call into or out of US prisons is recorded. It can be important to know what’s being said, because some inmates use phones to conduct illegal business on the outside. But the recordings generate huge quantities of audio that are prohibitively expensive to monitor with human ears.

To help, one jail in the Midwest recently used a machine-learning system developed by London firm Intelligent Voice to listen in on the thousands of hours of recordings generated every month. …

The company’s CEO Nigel Cannings says the breakthrough came when he decided to see what would happen if he pointed a machine-learning system at the waveform of the voice data – its pattern of spikes and troughs – rather than the audio recording directly. It worked brilliantly.

Training his system on this visual representation let him harness powerful existing techniques designed for image classification. “I built this dialect classification system based on pictures of the human voice,” he says.

What’s interesting is that the translation of the data from the poorly understood audio realm to the better-understood visual realm comes as a surprise. The translation of a problem from one realm to another is actually an approach often employed in many areas – just as Mr. Cannings did here.

On The Face Of Them

NewScientist (4 June 2016) reports on a reputedly new technology, by a company named Faception, that … well, it sounds like the latest version of phrenology. Implementing some standard facial recognition technology, it then proceeds to this:

The controversial part is what happens next. Faception maps these features onto a set of 15 proprietary “classifiers” that it has developed over the past three years. Its categories include terrorist, paedophile, white-collar criminal, poker player, bingo player and academic. To come up with its custom archetypes, Itzik Wilf, Faception’s chief technology officer, says the system was trained on the facial features of thousands of images of known examples. The software only looks at facial features, he says, and ignores things like hairstyle and jewellery.

Since the facial bones characterize the look of the face, phrenology is spot-on. They claim successes, but from the descriptions they do not seem statistically significant; indeed, they sound like mind-readers’ tricks. Their final claim,

“This is a new idea,” Wilf says. “New ideas are often greeted with friction.”

Rings all sorts of warning bells in my mind.

Reverse Fingerprinting

Fingerprinting, when it comes to the web, refers to the ability to recognize an otherwise anonymous user based on those facets of a visit that are not under the user’s control. NewScientist (4 June 2016) reports on a reverse fingerprinting effort by scientists at Princeton – that is, recognizing the fingerprinting techniques used by the million busiest web sites based on the web site’s behavior:

Studying a million websites is hard. To do it, Arvind Narayanan – who heads the Web Transparency and Accountability Project at Princeton University – built a tool called OpenWPM with graduate student Steven Englehardt. OpenWPM can visit and log in to websites automatically, taking more than a dozen measurements of each one. It took two weeks to crawl through the top million websites, as ranked by web traffic firm Alexa.

Narayanan and Englehardt discovered that many trackers are sharing the information they gather with at least one other party, sometimes dozens of times. The audit also revealed several previously unknown “fingerprinting” techniques that sites are using. Here, the website asks the browser to perform a task that is hidden from the user. The site then fingerprints individual machines based on slight differences in their performance. Trackers used to do this by watching how the browser draws a graphic; now, they check what fonts are installed or how the browser processes audio. A couple of trackers even gathered the device’s battery level.

I’m disturbed that browsers permit access to those resources, even only in a monitoring mode. And, really, the battery level? How does that even apply? The scientists comment:

“You often don’t know how much tracking is going on, who’s doing the tracking, or what data they’re collecting about you and what that will be used for,” [Narayanan] says. “There needs to be external oversight, somebody holding companies’ feet to the fire.”

Overall, they discovered more than 81,000 third-party trackers. News websites had the most, on average. Adult websites and those owned by government agencies and universities tended to have the fewest.

It would be interesting to have a pop up window which would tell you which fingerprinting technique is being used by the website. I doubt it could tell you what the data would be used for, though.

From the ’50s, Ctd

We took a few more pics today (here’s Thursday’s pics), and my Arts Editor has worked them over, removing extraneous details (such as owners chasing us with pitchforks :)) to produce these…

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I prefer the BelAir on the right, it looks like a working car. Not that its buddy on the left is a slouch…

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A basic work-a-day convertible, charming without being over the top.

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THIS is over the top. We never saw its front, we were stuck in traffic behind him. On the right it says, “In Memory of Harry Smith”.

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Three family cars. There’s something about this last pic I really like.

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Finished? Or more to come?

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Massive and overstated! Too bad we couldn’t get a pic of the hood ornament, but we were actually in traffic and snapped this while we were stopped. We suspect it’s Lalicque.

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This is a bit ungainly, no? But wait for the backside!

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A bit of an artsy picture. “Car, unnamed hotel, Roseville, MN”.

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The best for last. The owner offered to sell it to us. I should have asked the price. It’s a ’53.

Glorious, eh?

No More Passwords

Since I long ago stopped keeping up with the news in the computer field, a report in NewScientist concerning the imminent extinction of passwords caught me by surprise. This report from MIT Technology Review is somewhat more detailed:

During his talk at Google I/O, Daniel Kaufman, the head of the company’s ATAP (Advanced Technology and Projects) arm, casually mentioned the rollout of a new way of securing Android apps called Trust API. Rather than using standard passwords, Trust API will use biometrics like facial recognition, your typing pattern, even how you walk to help determine that you are who you say you are.

Each metric will contribute to an overall “trust score” that will let you unlock your apps. The program will run in the background of an Android phone, using the phone’s suite of sensors to continuously monitor the user’s behavior. If the trust score falls below a threshold, a user might be prompted for some form of additional authentication.

My first reaction was some surprise, even repulsion. But let’s break it down.

From the program’s1 side of things, authentication is always a statistical question: what are the odds that the identification and authorization code presented actually represent the person entering the code? In traditional settings, the information landscape is normally barren, because all the program has available are those two items of information. These can be augmented, of course, with more information, such as biometrics (think Family Guy’s penile scan), but in the end the program’s decision is binary: yes or no.

The description of the implementation of the Trust API is intriguing from the program’s side. Through constant monitoring of the environment, theoretically it can build a profile of the authorized user, and then one of the current user, and compare the two; the “trust score” mentioned in the article is then essentially the degree of agreement between the two profiles, now acting as a proxy for the statistical odds that the user is authorized to use the smartphone. The trust score may not be an ideal approach to the question of authentication because some programs may wish to give more weight to some biometrics than others, but at least we’re making progress on the authentication front.

Another facet not mentioned in the article is the possibility for a program to require higher or lower trust scores in order to unlock various features. It’s just a thought, given how variable people can be in their requirements.

As an engineer, I appreciate that the authentication question has been factored out (basically turned into just another resource) and been more richly explored by (I assume) a dedicated team. Speaking as an engineer, I know most engineers will look at a problem and see the core set of questions to solve (which either excites them or fills them with dread) – and then there’s the security questions, which are viewed as foreign interlopers, like bees with really big stingers, to be avoided, or solved as quickly as possible while regretting the damage it does to the code structure. Whether its authentication or licenses, it never really plays nice. This work by Google – if trustable – is one of those things that makes an engineer nod with pleasure.

From the user side, there’s a bit more trepidation, particularly for us older types who still have some distrust of technology; for the younger sorts, say, less than 25 years, this will be a godsend and they’ll run with it. But for us suspicious types, we have to wonder what’s going to happen the first time the trust score drops precipitously and we lose access? We’re not told the implementation strategy behind this program, but given the popularity of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, it’s not unreasonable to speculate on algorithms from those two areas, possibly including neural networks, and one of those notorious facts associated with these areas is the inscrutability of the results, which is to say the result might be right, but often the scientists and engineers who wrote the algorithm do not understand in detail how the results are obtained – and what might be wrong if the result is wrong. If this does apply, how does one get around it?

With a password?

That said, it would be interesting to know how the use of computer systems varies both by type and by the age of the user. Do younger users modify their usage style such that the loss of access to the system is not particularly damaging, while us older types aren’t so smart about it? Or does the loss of access to a personal smartphone spark terror in everyone?

I suspect the answer is already out there, I’m just too lazy to go looking.


I mildly detest the pseudo-word “app”. It falls into the same classification as the phrase “leisure suit,” which I’ve already used once today.

Belated Movie Unreviews

We could not get through EMPIRE OF THE ANTS (1977). It was awash in leisure suits, floating cans of nuclear waste (clue: cans of nuclear waste are heavy), and unsympathetic characters: guys on the make, ladies unable, except for one, to assert themselves; the exception is a land developer ready to sell shares in a disastrous island. The latter is played by Joan Collins, who tries but fails to make this mess work.

When we gave up, we hadn’t even seen the ants. We did fast forward and the ants were not awful, but they might have ranked as the least objectionable part of the show.

Not bad enough to laugh at, not good enough to watch: stranded in the chasm of mediocre awfulness.

Unrecognized Precious Resources

Unrecognized because they’re not thought about – yet they may be the GOP’s best hope for the future. What are they?

Old politicians.

At one time, the GOP was a respected institution. They understood governance meant compromise, fiscal responsibility, respect for science, and conservatism – all concepts far beyond the majority of the GOP today.

And these old politicians and functionaries are still around and still remember. Bruce Bartlett is one of them, researching how Fox News has mis-served the GOP and conservatives by peddling bad information to trusting watchers. I’m sure former Senator Lugar, too, has many useful memories.

In the same company is former Minnesota Governor Arne Carlson, a truly moderate Republican who has been part of the Minnesota political scene since at least 1965. He was recently interviewed by the Twin Cities paper City Pages and has some fascinating, if not surprising, memories:

We in America tend to use this phrase “all of a sudden.” There’s no all of a sudden. This has been going on almost 40 years, going back to the 1970s. In Minnesota, it erupted in the form of Christian conservatives coming in. They first came into the Democratic Party. And they introduced this litmus-test philosophy, largely on the issue of abortion, but there was strong religious overtones. And they found the Democratic Party pretty hostile.

I would say in the ’80s, the takeover of the Republican Party was complete. It also started to take on some ugly overtones on human rights, the feeling that we, society, had gone too far, for human rights.

The hostility of the cultural conservatives was in some ways unbelievable:

I had introduced, I think, the first gay rights bill in Minnesota’s history when I was on the Minneapolis City Council. That would’ve been 1965 or ’66. That became the defining issue of the 1994 campaign. I was booed off the stage in St. Cloud — I was the governor, for Christ’s sake — and booed in Forest Lake. They invited me to speak at the convention, and not only was I booed there, but they turned their backs on me.

I don’t know how many times in American history a sitting governor was denied endorsement. But the rudeness was rather stunning.

It strikes me as a form of self-confidence, of certainty, that is nearly unsupportable in anyone who wishes to be considered reasonable – that is, be able to get along with their neighbors. As I’ve addressed this before here, I shan’t go on at any length except to say that this very dogmatism does not sustain variance well at all. The psyche that demands such certainty will split a movement rather than compromise, and I think we’re seeing that as the GOP’s membership shrinks, as some elected GOP officials are now refusing to endorse Trump – and, in a few cases, refuse to even vote for him.

But does such a tendency to self-destruct bode well or ill for the Republic? Must we go through another period of literal bloodshed before those Who Can’t Possibly Be Wrong are willing to take their self-selected responsibilities seriously?

But to get back to my point – at one time the GOP was full of reasonable people who understood that holding variant opinions didn’t make you evil – just different evaluations on difficult topics. Today’s young people (i.e., anyone who doesn’t remember 1990 politics, which was when things started going wrong on the national level, as Representative Gingrich began touting his Republican Revolution) may believe that this is how politics has always been.

And to some extent it’s been true – politics attracts the ideologues as well as the sober, earnest politician, the power-hungry as well as those who only want justice. Think of Vice President Aaron Burr, President Andrew Jackson, and numerous others who wanted power, or purity, or what have you.

But the GOP was the party of Lincoln, who saw their way to justice. Their fall has been gradual and engineered, judging from Carlson’s remarks – and something to think about in the future.

Belated Movie Reviews

In The Secret of NIMH (1982) we are handed an intriguing scenario – animals made intelligent through the experimentation of man – who find themselves in a precarious situation – man is now a menace, both knowingly and unknowingly – with some good, if perhaps slightly one-dimensional characters, and they’re set loose to follow their destinies.

Sadly, in the end anything they might do is ultimately meaningless because there’s magic in the air, the magic that can overwhelm any evil, all because a simple mother mouse is “pure of heart”. The tension builds as the good guys suffer loss after loss, and keep struggling – but those struggles become meaningless because magic saves them, rather than their own efforts, intelligence, loyalty, or any other quality we might deem to be a positive in a culture. A deux ex machina magic unprecedented in the film, unless one considers a flying, glowing book or two to be a sufficient hint that magic might be employed to solve problems.

Not that I object to magic, but it must follow dramatic rules so that the audience doesn’t feel cheated when it comes to the rescue. Often it exacts a price, either in energy or through some loss of something else. In this story, after all the effort to put the rats to the test of saving members of another species, magic comes through, with no contribution of there’s theirs’, to save the day.

A disappointing denouement to what was an otherwise promising, if rough, directorial debut by Don Bluth.

Turkish Secularism, Ctd

Powerful positions attract ambitious, even unscrupulous people. We’ve seen both sorts here in the USA, we have vile arguments about who satisfies which criteria. So it’s no surprise, if quite interesting, to hear the same about other countries. President Erdogan of Turkey has recently run into some cruel rumors of disingenuousness when it comes to his educational attainments. Why is this important? Because the Turkish Constitution says so:

The President of the Republic shall be elected by the public from among the members of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey who are over forty years of age and have completed higher education, or from among Turkish citizens who fulfil these requirements and are eligible to be deputies.

AL Monitor‘s Cengiz Çandar reports on the rumors:

The [Higher Electoral Board] chose to respond to the HDP [Peoples’ Democratic Party], perhaps thinking it would silence those who might just be fishing for something to use against the president. The board recently sent the HDP a copy of Erdogan’s supposed diploma, the one he presented when he ran in the August 2014 presidential elections.

The HDP duly published that copy on its Twitter account.

With that, the controversy entered its second and probably more interesting and important phase: There are very strong arguments that the document might be forged, and that the college diploma of the president of Turkey might be a fake one.

There are very valid reasons to suspect the document’s authenticity, as the copy indicates that Erdogan graduated from the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences of Marmara University in 1981. At the bottom of the diploma, two signatures can be seen clearly: those of the university president and the dean of faculty.

That is very problematic, indeed. First of all, there was no Marmara University in 1981 and no such faculty under that name. Marmara University was founded in Istanbul in 1982. The faculty took that name and became affiliated with the school in 1983. Previously, it had been a college-level institution known as the Academy of Economic and Commercial Sciences.

So, how is it that Erdogan has a signed and dated university diploma, when there was no university or affiliated faculty under that name then?

If you’re interested, here‘s a Turkish site with pictures of the diplomas. Turkish Minute publishes Gökçe Fırat Çulhaoğlu, himself a graduate of the institution in question, who has more details:

Çulhaoğlu emphasized that Erdoğan says he started attending university in 1973, while the university says he was registered in 1974.

“If he studied at the university between 1973 and 1981, as he says, then he studied for 7.5 years. However, maximum education period was 6 years back then. [If what he said was true], Erdoğan should have been expelled from the university in 1979,” he added.

University Faculty Association (ÜNİVDER) members also expressed their opinion on the issue, saying that Erdoğan has two-year license degree, however, he should have had a four-year license degree to become a president.

If this becomes a real issue and Erdogan is forced out, how painful will it be to nullify anything of substance, such as construction work? How does one nullify military operations?

And, yet, there’s a very faintly familiar taste here. Yes, of the fruitloopery foisted on Americans by those who thought President Obama was not a natural-born American. It gives me just a little bit of pause.

From the ’50s

Being housed near the Minnesota State Fairgrounds, we get the pleasure of the Back to the ’50s show every year. This year we took a few pictures.

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There were quite a few modern Corvettes vying for attention, but their ancestor outshone them all with its simple, classic lines. Here’s a great lineup of three ‘rods.

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A bit of a miscellany:

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And, finally, a couple of classic hood ornaments:

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Meta-Archaeology

It didn’t occur to me, but it’s reasonable: sometimes archaeologists have to dig out the archaeology of previous researchers, as Eric Powell details in “Letter From England” (Archaeology, July/August 2016):

Young has a personal investment in [archaeologist Brian] Hope-Taylor’s work. He grew up visiting Bamburgh and credits the formative experience of exploring the castle as a boy with inspiring him to become an archaeologist. In 1996, he and his colleagues contacted the castle owners to request permission to follow up on Hope-Taylor’s excavations. “We didn’t know where he had dug,” says Young, “so we were hoping to use geophysics and small-scale excavation to determine that.” The owners gave their permission, and the small team began their work. Twenty years later, Young shakes his head and smiles at the memory. “We were thinking of it as a short project that we’d do on weekends among friends,” he says. But that short project quickly bloomed into a much bigger effort when it became apparent to the team that the richness of the site meant it would take years to understand it properly. They also became the unexpected heirs of Hope-Taylor’s considerable legacy.

While searching for office space, Young and the castle’s groundskeeper broke the locks on the small rooms built into the castle walls that had sat unopened for decades. What they found inside was a kind of time capsule of Hope-Taylor’s fieldwork. Still astonished by the discovery, Young shares pictures of the rooms that show they were filled with dust-covered boxes of bones, artifacts, and soil samples, all excavated by Hope-Taylor. A 1974 copy of the Daily Telegraph still resting on a chair helped establish the date of the last field season. “We’ve accidently inherited an enormous body of work at an extraordinary site,” says Young. Hope-Taylor’s students later found years’ worth of Bamburgh excavation notes, and even artifacts, such as a sword, in his apartment. Now, the Bamburgh team’s task is not only to understand their own excavations, but to synchronize their findings with the copious record Hope-Taylor left behind.

Wisdom from Yestercentury, Ctd

The reader rejoins concerning common sense:

We do need to work together, but apparently the “we” in that sentence for the GOP means excluding the actual experts completely. We are not equal, literally. We are equal before the Law, we are equal before God (if you will), we have equal rights and deserve equal dignity. But we are NOT equal in our abilities, knowledge, wisdom and capabilities to solve specific problems.

Also, there’s no evidence that the GOP has actually supported decentralization to the states. In the last 75 years, the largest growths of the Federal government have occurred under Republican administrations.

However, it is true, in the sense of antifragility (Nassim Taleb), that all problems should be solved and all policies should be determined as locally as possible. The catch is in the “as possible” phrase — it’s like the maxim about making things as simple as possible but no simpler. Some problems are so large, a community, city, county or state cannot solve them alone. That’s where the Feds come in. Likewise, some policies, e.g. equal rights and equal dignity.

Certainly, the GOP says one thing and does another – the jump in spending under GOP leadership during the ‘aughts was truly miserable, and then the suggestion that the fact we were involved in two wars didn’t mean we had to think about how to pay for it was morally reprehensible and damn near criminal. The recent kerfuffle over North Carolina’s HB-2, an override of progressive policies in the city of Charlotte, is merely one of many similar actions in which mildly liberal policies favored by cities are disallowed by the central government.

To extend the reader’s thought, the United Nations for solving international disputes. When the League of Nations failed between the World Wars, a chance to avoid the calamity of the second World War was lost, and I have to wonder if that institution would have succeeded in somehow sterilizing the seeds that led to the Nazi party.

Belated Movie Reviews

Tales of Terror (1962) features Vincent Price at the top of his game: charming, relaxed, delivering his lines with an almost indulgent confidence, but with that little hint of physical corruption that leaves one with the uncomfortable feeling that the stories are not going to end well.

Or is it simply because of Price’s reputation? That can be a problem with actors who identify strongly with a genre or role – the audience comes to expect a certain outcome, and thus the introduction of some surprise element involving the character may not occur – or it may occur, and cause resentment amongst these faux-cognoscenti, that some beacon in this world of chaos has been destroyed.

Tales of Terror consists of adaptations from the Edgar Allan Poe canon, and these adaptations are the constituents beyond Price’s control, and, in this case, they are inferior to the efforts of Price and his supporting cast. Not being overly familiar with Poe’s work, I cannot say if the fault lies with Poe, or with the adaptation; however, my Arts Editor states the problem lies with the adaptations, although this is not to imply incompetence, as Poe’s work does not always translate to the silver screen.

The first is Morella, involving a widower, the daughter from whom he has been long separated, and whose birth caused her mother’s death – and his deceased wife (the mother of his daughter). Upon her arrival at her father’s home, the daughter discovers it has been unmaintained for years, covered in classic cobwebs, and her father wanders it in a drunken haze, still mourning his wife. She stays to care for him, and reveals she is dying of some unnamed malady. Then she discovers that he more than mourns; he keeps his wife’s body in the matrimonial bed. Eventually, the innocent daughter is set upon by the spirit of her mother, angry at her for her own death.  She is then possessed by her mother’s vengeful spirit and attacks her father. In a cacophony of tangled plot elements and missing motivational elements, the house collapses in on the cast’s efforts, mercifully obscuring a ruin of missed opportunities from the discerning eye.

The second, The Black Cat, is a weakly named story set vaguely in American Colonial times.  It teaches that over-indulgence in alcohol can lead to unfortunate consequences. Peter Lorre, a legendary actor for whom, at least I, have fewer result-expectations than some actors (which is to say, his presence does not predict any particular outcome, and of this I approve), is a drunk, a domestic abuser, and is rapidly becoming destitute, despite the efforts of his mildly attractive wife. Then he stumbles into a meeting of wine merchants holding a tasting, and challenges the city’s expert, played by Price, to a competition. In this Price is delightful, using a stylized procedure for analyzing each wine before proclaiming its winery and vintage; Lorre, in contrast, swills like an expert drunk, and yet keeps up with Price. This leads to the two going home together, where a drunken Lorre lapses into sleep, allowing Price to work his charms upon Lorre’s wife.

Lorre eventually discovers the liaison, and takes his revenge, Amontillado-style: he hides his wife’s body and Price, still alive, behind a brick wall, all the while engaging in witty repartee with his erstwhile opponent. As he’s never cared for his wife’s cat, the feline is also imprisoned, but much to his woe it is the angry howls of the black chat which finally bring the gendarmes to visit justice, and the consequences of drinking, upon Lorre. While predictable and not particularly compelling, Price’s comfort in the role of a wine tasting expert is quite winning, and while we never quite understand why Lorre’s character is perpetually drunk, it is quite true that he is convincing as a fat, short, drunk little man whose foolishness will cost him dear.

The third is The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar. Price is Valdemar, a terminally ill man who has agreed to an experiment: at the moment of death, he will be mesmerized by Mr. Carmichael, for the purpose of discovering how long that transition from life to death might be prolonged. Carmichael, played by the redoubtable Basil Rathbone, is a presence in this movie, sometimes active, sometimes brooding, but here I shall reference back to the problem with Vincent Price and other actors of a certain reputation, and state that I have heard, if not verified, that Rathbone, with the exception of his Sherlock Holmes efforts, always played the bad guy. This knowledge works against the movie and myself, introducing an unwanted element of wondering when Rathbone will make his move.

The story is, sadly, leaden, despite the efforts of Price and Rathbone. Valdemar’s wife has predictable hysterics over the entire matter, and the attending doctor is drearily certain that this experiment is “dangerous”, to which I could only laugh and ask how the concept of danger applies to a man on the edge of inevitable death? Still, dying under the mesmerist’s spell, Valdemar finds himself in some indescribable place, where he apparently suffers. Mr. Carmichael finally comes out of his metaphorical cover, declaring his desire for the quasi-widow, “body and soul.” The wife reluctantly agrees to his demands if he’ll release Valdemar to his final resting place, but even that is questionable. The doctor attempts to interfere but discovers Mr. Carmichael has covered all his bets…

… Except for Valdemar, who rises from the dead, tracks a ridiculously panicky Carmichael down, and destroys him, before transforming into a slimy puddle of putrescence himself.

Thus the end of the sequence. Composed of individually laudable performances, burdened by scripts of inferior quality, these three tales might be of interest on a lazy January afternoon as the Minnesota winter howls outside your window, hungry for your blood, but otherwise rather for Price fans only.

Naked Lunatic Greed

Many news outlets are reporting on the National Hockey League’s plan to expand. Here’s ABC News:

The NHL is ready to roll the dice on Las Vegas.

A person with direct knowledge of the NHL’s decision says the league has settled on Las Vegas as the home for its next expansion franchise, provided organizers can come up with a $500 million fee.

That’s right. $500,000,000 to start a new franchise in what is arguably a struggling sport. Consider: the State of Hockey, Minnesota itself, is losing high school teams, as reported by CBS local station WCCO:

State-wide, participation in boys hockey is down 12 percent from where it was 10 years ago. Girls hockey is down 7 percent. Over that same period of time, total participation in Minnesota high school sports is up.

That means the kids aren’t leaving sports. They’re just leaving hockey.

In a state where the sport is so important to our identity – what high school football is to Texas, and high school basketball is to Indiana – it begs the question: Can we still call Minnesota the State of Hockey?

Perhaps I’m just a little old, but this sounds insane. Of course, they may just be taking advantage of a businessman’s pecadillo. But if they truly expect to make that much money from every expansion, they’d better be able to show incredible potential viewership numbers. And maybe have a plan for that little windfall.

Alternative View of Some Societal Functions, Ctd

Picking up on this thread is really too easy, in view of Representative Ryan’s remark that experts are unnecessary when it comes to solving problems in the government domain. Some of his colleagues seem to have taken him at his word, according to AL Monitor:

Three American congressmen, all staunchly opposed to the Iran nuclear deal, have been denied their bid to visit Tehran to inspect the country’s nuclear sites, a job that is typically reserved for individuals with expertise in the area. …

Iran’s Foreign Ministry responded to the request June 7 with an open letter. The letter called the congressmen’s request a “publicity stunt” and said, “Bearn [sic] in mind that as members of the US Congress you are not a global authority.”

The article is actually a study in quiet snark, with a final paragraph of this:

The last time an American official sent a public letter to Iran was in March, when Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., warned Iranian officials that any nuclear deal with President Barack Obama could be modified by a future American president. The letter, which was signed by 46 other Senate Republicans, was tweeted to Zarif both in English and Persian. Zarif tweeted back to Cotton with his own letter, saying that Cotton had difficulty understanding his own constitution as it pertains to presidential powers.

Looks like the GOP ran into centuries of Iranian politics and were bounced on their backsides.

Wisdom from Yestercentury, Ctd

A reader remarks on my assertion concerning common sense in political communiqués:

I don’t believe there’s any correlation between commonsense and simple at all. I see the usage as a counter to the GOPs well-worn BS memes in the counter direction (it’s too hard, nobody agrees, there’s no sense, freedom baby, guns!, 2nd amendment, many code words for racism, etc.). Americans appear to be stupid mostly — a meme is all they can digest.

However, another long running GOP theme has been the decentralization of power aka the States are the laboratories of democracy, and I think it’s fairly easy to argue that this is similar and associated with my assertion – that there’s a line of thinking that most problems should be solvable at the local level, if indeed they’re problems at all. Join that with the recent Rep. Ryan assertion that experts are unnecessary and that common folks can fix just about anything….

Because we believe that all of us are equal, we believe there is no problem that all of us – working together – cannot solve. We believe every person has a piece of this puzzle, and only when we work together do we get the whole picture.

Finally, a defense of Americans: I think, on average, we’re just too busy:

Time use on an average work day for employed persons ages 25 to 54 with children

By the time we’re done with everything else, we’re too exhausted to understand the issues. Which leaves me to wonder if this trend towards over work is on purpose…

Word of the Day

Ever wonder how some of these ruins last so long?

India Ellora Caves

(Y.Shishido/Wikimedia Commons via archaeology.org)

In some cases, such as India’s Ellora Caves, they’re built using hempcrete, a mixture of hemp and plaster. From another article, this one not yet online but in Archaeology (July/August 2016, p 25):

They’ve survived more than 1,500 years in part, the authors of a new study believe, because hemp – cannabis, known as bhang in India – was mixed with the plaster. The composite material, called hempcrete, can provide strength, thermal insulation, fire resistance, pest resistance, and sound absorption.

Here is a link to a modern version of hempcrete.

Wisdom from Yestercentury

From a press release in 2013:

Today, after President Barack Obama delivered remarks calling on Congress to pass commonsense, comprehensive immigration reform, Congressman Xavier Becerra (CA-34), Chairman of the House Democratic Caucus, released the following statement:

“Congress will pass a commonsense, comprehensive reform of our broken immigration system. The question is not if, but when. When will the House Republican leadership allow a vote for a real fix to our immigration laws? The Senate has already acted — with a bipartisan 68 to 32 vote. When will the House Republican leadership realize this is good for our economy, our security and our families — in short, for our American values?

Or how about this?

To prove that the vast majority of Americans, even if our voices aren’t always the loudest or most extreme, care enough about a little boy like Daniel to come together and take common-sense steps to save lives and protect more of our children.

Now, I want to be absolutely clear at the start — and I’ve said this over and over again, this also becomes routine, there is a ritual about this whole thing that I have to do — I believe in the Second Amendment.

Commonsense is the common theme.

This, I suspect, is a meme being pushed by the left-wing, that there are solutions that are simple, commonsense actions we can take to fix X. I would guess that this phraseology is selected because it’s thought to appeal to the conservative segment of our population – a segment that has become hostile towards government and the idea that some problems are so hard to solve they require the government to solve. By connecting solution X to the concept that it’s just common sense, they’re pushing the idea this solution is obvious, and only vile stonewalling by their opponents is stopping these obvious solutions.

And it’s starting to get under my skin. These little red lights start shining in my eyes every time I see that phrase, and my distrust level is going up. Why? Because national-scale problems are rarely that simple. Because they often require in-depth analysis, and I have little faith that either side has indulged in that analysis – or, sometimes, that the expertise to perform that analysis even exists.

Let’s end my little tirade against semantic propaganda with an appropriate quote from someone I should study more.

For every complex problem there is an answer that is clear, simple, and wrong.  –H. L. Mencken

That Darn Climate Change Conspiracy, Ctd

A reader comments on the latest model sensitivities of climate change:

4.5ºC is 8.1ºF. That might not seem big, but imagine how many Joules of energy that is. Wikipedia says the total mass of the atmosphere is 5 x 10**18 kilograms. The number Joules to raise 1 kilogram of air by 1 degree Celsius is 1005. Of course, when we warm the atmosphere down here near the surface by 1.5ºC or as much as 4.5ºC, we’re not warming the entire 5E18 kilograms of it, though 80% of the gasses are in the bottom 10 miles. So just for grins, let’s estimate how much energy it takes just to raise the bottom one-fifth of the troposphere, the layer of the atmosphere closest to the earth and where weather occurs. The the troposphere is roughly 7 to 20 kilometers thick (thicker at equator), or about 4.3 to 12.4 miles. Let’s take an average of 7 miles just to be on the conservative side, and estimate that it contains 7 miles divided by 10 miles times 80% of gas mass, which is probably low as the bottom is thicker than the top at any altitude. But it gives us 2.814 x 10**21 Joules. How big is that? About 36 times all of the electricity generated world wide per year (or 36 years worth at 2015 production levels). Or like about 13,400 of the largest-ever tested atomic bombs (USSR Tsar Bomba at 50,000 kilotons or 220,000 terrajoules — much larger than the average nuke, 3+ times larger than largest USA nuke test). That much energy is bound to do something. And the above is for just 1ºC increase, grossly underestimating the mass parameter of the atmosphere.

Profoundly Mixing Metaphors

In “Light Relief,” by Timothy Revell (NewScientist, 28 May 2016, paywall):

Bulky copper cables remained the status quo for over a century. And then along came optical fibres: glass cylinders the width of a human hair. Capable of transmitting information over vast distances using laser light, they enabled our modern connected world. Today, more than 2 billion kilometres of optical fibres criss-cross the globe, with more rolling off the production line at a rate nearly 20 times the speed of sound.

I would have been happier if he’d said 20 times the speed of light.

Belated Movie Reviews

The dreadful true tale of the Roman Emperor Caligula is slightly modified in the Victor Mature vehicle Demetrius and the Gladiators (1954), wherein the tale of a man exalted beyond all reason, to the stature of a God, and his subsequent removal from power and life, is augmented by the addition of an institution renowned for its early humility and tangible poverty: Christianity. Demetrius (Mature) is a Christian, a former soldier and former slave, now freeman, who, in defending the honor of Lucia, a Christian woman who he may love, strikes a Roman guard. He is sentenced to gladiator school, but immediately earns the displeasure of the master of the gladiator school (Ernest Borgnine), and is consigned to the arena the next day.

In the arena, his opponent, Glycon (William Marshall), a former King, admires his spirit and they attempt to fight such a fight that they’ll both be freed, but they are not up to the task. The injured Glycon is removed and tigers are released to finish off Demetrius, but he emerges victorious from their brutal attacks (it was amusing to see the stunt double wrestling with the juvenile tigers, stabbing them repeatedly without bringing any blood, and eventually walking away from tiger-dummies).

Messalina (Susan Hayward), wife of an uncle of the Emperor, takes a shine to Demetrius, and when she discovers that the woman who saved him, Lucia, has infiltrated the school as a whore available to men who may die the next day in the arena, she commands that Demetrius will not fight the next day – and therefore is separated from Lucia. He is locked in a cell, from where he sees Lucia killed by one of the other gladiators, Dardanius, who is forcing himself upon her.

Thus his faith is broken. His descent through the valley of despair is long and dark in spiritual terms, even if in tangible terms it becomes bright and successful, for he destroys Dardanius in the arena, followed by several more gladiators who attack him en masse; for this feat, he is inducted into the Emperor’s guard at a high rank, and earns the amorous advances of Messalina. But he becomes short-tempered, impetuous, and intemperate in both sex and drink, a man without an inner compass.

Meanwhile, Caligula (gloriously played by Jay Robinson), grows madder and more paranoid as time passes, and eventually discovers the trysts of Messalina and Demetrius. In order to deflect his suspicions, Messalina owns up to the reappearance of the Apostle Peter in Rome, and Caligula is reminded of the Robe of Jesus, which had been the original goal of the soldier struck by Demetrius. Demetrius (and others) are sent in search of Peter and robe, and of course Demetrius knows where to go: the Christian sector.

There he finds Peter (performed by an excellent face by the name of Michael Rennie) and demands the Robe. Peter denies him not, conducting him to the robe, where it’s clutched by …

Lucia.

Yes, that Lucia who had died. In a bit of dramatic subterfuge, it turns out she was badly hurt, but not dead, and even in her coma will not let go of the robe. Demetrius collapses in tears, finding his love saved from both ravishment and death (but why should death be so fearful in these circumstances?), and begs forgiveness. In that moment, all the worldly success melts away and his heart is once again filled with humility and goodness, and Lucia awakens. But the fun’s not over!

As a tribune, he returns the robe to the Emperor, who bids him to stay where he is. Caligul takes it to the dungeon, has a prisoner killed, and then tries to raise him from the dead using the power of the robe. Sadly for the prisoner, whatever power the robe might have is not a tangible power, and the prisoner remains a corpse.

Caligula returns and accuses Demetrius of defrauding him, to which Demetrius says, “No one said it was magic!” But now he is returned to the arena, to fight the finest gladiator ever, the master of the gladiator school. With the Emperor’s Guard as the audience, as a Christian (Reformed), the Big D refuses to fight and is clunked on the head by his opponent. The Guard infuriates the Emperor by protesting the punishment to be meted out, and eventually both the master of the school and the Emperor are killed by thrown spears.

Mature is a fine actor, but in this sweaty little number he’s out-acted by those filling the roles of Caligula, Messalina, Peter, and Glycon; Mature simply does not emote at the levels called for. But he is surely at least adequate, and the film is not a failure for it. The action is sometimes not believable, in particular the spear throws and the tiger battle, but on the other hand the stage combat is admirably well done – particularly when Mature must battle several gladiators at once, he really does have to move quickly and parry twice as fast as his attackers must, and if the others perhaps fall over too easily, what of it? This is a difficult choreography for the 1950s, and it goes over well.

For all that, I was not particularly moved, perhaps because we watched it over several days. It’s very competent, and no doubt moving to those more disposed towards its lessons. And I have failed to draw any parallels between Caligula and any of our current Presidential contenders, which may be just as well.