Category Archives: Uncategorized

Ever wonder about the responsibilities of the youngest Cabinet slot, the Department of Homeland Security? Paul Rosenzweig posts a review of the job responsibilities on Lawfare:

The ideal Secretary would have a comprehensive knowledge of a variety of topics and a wide-range of personal and managerial characteristics.  To be clear, this mythical person does not exists, but as we measure Gen. Kelly (or anyone else) for the job consider this.  Among the substantive areas of expertise a Secretary needs are:

• Border security — More than 400 million people cross our borders every year.  Most are people we wish to welcome; a few are not.  Understanding that problem is likely the principal goal of DHS.  Likewise DHS screened roughly 2.5 million containers of goods annually (these are rough numbers, of course).

• Trade — At the same time the border is being secured, the Secretary has to manage a system that permits trade goods and visitors to enter our country for lawful purposes.  A world without imports and exports would be nearly impossible to imagine, and every 30 seconds added to screening procedures translates, almost directly, into hundreds of millions of dollars in costs.

And etc etc etc. Paul neglects to measure Trump’s appointee, General Kelly, against the responsibilities.

The scandals continue in a veritable flood, and the latest report comes courtesy Ron Klain:

Donald Trump gave his Foundation’s largest donor a CABINET spot yesterday. Did you see blaring headlines? Imagine if HRC had done that??

Yes, indeedy, the appointment of Linda McMahon – another inexperienced millionaire whose sole qualification appears to be that she gave a lot of money to the Trump Foundation. Is it fair to suggest that the possession of wealth is a fair proxy for ability in a Cabinet post? This appears to be the bet.

But this is certainly a scandal. Will the GOP step up to the plate and reprimand their President? The current hierarchical structure strongly suggests not.

Concerning the proposed last gasp measures, a reader writes:

The Democratic propaganda machine has historically not been effective enough to do something like this. There should be continuing “outrage” that the Republicans have refused for 9 months to consider Obama’s appointment.

Absolutely. And whoever is selected and approved should always be known as the illegitimate justice. The absolute refusal to even participate in the formal process is a shame and a good reason for the Democrats to throw rocks into the gears at this juncture, and is a measure of the immaturity of the members of the GOP who participated in this.

The City of Minneapolis is looking to the future – and putting the squeeze on monster bank Wells Fargo. Local news station WCCO has a report:

The city of Minneapolis is calling out Wells Fargo, saying they are looking into taking their business elsewhere.

The city council voted unanimously to explore ways they can stop doing business with banks that invest in the fossil fuel industry.

The council points to Wells Fargo’s backing of the Dakota Access Pipeline as an example.

“This is about looking at the options that we have as a city to use our taxpayer dollars in a responsible way, in a way that will protect the environment and the people,” said Councilmember Alondra Cano.

She says she proposed looking into how the city could end its relationship with Wells Fargo after her constituents showed concern that the nation’s fourth-largest bank is backing the pipeline project. And it is not just the environment she is concerned about.

Talking to a former Wells Fargo employee, he estimated the Minneapolis account to be significant, and stated that Wells Fargo is hip deep in the fossil fuel industry. While just Minneapolis isn’t going to be shifting Well Fargo out of the fossil fuel industry, a few more hits like this might make them start thinking about it.

Applause for Minneapolis.

If you’ve been hearing that the Democrats may still have a chance to installed Judge Garland into SCOTUS, but don’t really know what’s going on, Aaron Blake describes the two scenarios in WaPo here. The first is to take advantage of the Senate supposedly being out of session while the new members are sworn in. In this scenario, Obama would make a recess appointment, which is good for a year. SCOTUS has had recess appointments before, but it’s rare.

The second basically comes down to taking advantage of the fact that, come January 3rd, for a short while, the Senate doesn’t have 100 members, but only 66 – and the Democrats will have a 36-30 advantage. For those few minutes, Garland could be renominated, considered, and confirmed. Supposedly.

The legal thicket is formidable. The cultural consequences – either way – are deeply confusing. For most, it’s a question of whether the damage of the potential IJ¹ to liberal causes is worth starting a strong Cold War between the Parties. One facet that might not be immediately obvious, though, is the continuing evolution of the GOP. As it continues to head further to the right, will its strength and influence shrink? Will Trump’s swamp, getting deeper and deeper with every billionaire he nominates, ultimately drown the outrage of such a maneuver – successful or not? There’s a lot of calculated risks here, and I suspect the Democrats are just shaking their heads at these proposals.

But, just as a way to fire the imagination, they’re interesting.

¹Illegitimate Justice.

Sure glad these are small.

A synesthete is someone who, upon experiencing an input on one input, may experience an input on another input as well. Some of the best well known are those who associate colors with numbers. One of the rarest? NewScientist (26 November 2016) has the info:

WHEN you think about last April, what do you imagine? If you see a crisp image of a calendar in front of you, you might be a calendar synaesthete. …

Only a few people have calendar synaesthesia. To find out if they are having a real sensory experience, a team led by Vilayanur Ramachandran at the University of California, San Diego, tested two synaesthetes.

One [synaesthete], known as ML, sees her months as occupying an asymmetrical “V” shape. When asked at intervals to draw her calendar on a screen using a laser pointer, the angles and lengths of the V shape were always identical.

ML also appears able to use her calendar to easily navigate backwards through time. When asked to recite every third month backwards, she took 1.88 seconds per month, compared with 4.48 seconds in eight non-synaesthetes (Neurocase, doi.org/bs3j). “During the task we noticed that ML appeared to be inspecting her calendar,” says Ramachandran.

The cross-connections in one’s brain are fascinating. I have to wonder if there are evolutionary implications in synaesthetes. Nothing springs right to mind, but I’d be happy to entertain thoughts on the matter.

Some Egyptian are working on reviving an old martial art, as Menna Farouk reports in AL Monitor:

Players of an ancient Egyptian martial art are striving to revive it and turn it into a sport that aims to foster morals, respect and chivalry. Tahtib was once known as a martial art but has since changed into a stick game or dancing art. Its players now say that they want it to be an internationally recognized martial sport. …

Fourteen Hours (1951) doesn’t mess about getting to the central incident of this drama – a young man, Robert, standing on a ledge on the 15th floor of a skyscraper in New York City. From this incident erupts a number of psychological studies: of Robert, his mother, his father, the traffic cop trying to talk him down, the crowds below, even a divorcing couple. Each is a reaction to this central incident, as Robert battles his daemons, his despair, and his insecurities, while the cop deals as an old-time cop should with the barriers in his way – hard-nosed bulldozer when he can, otherwise talking his way around those who have their own ideas.

In terms of characters, some have that important feel that they have a life once the cameraman stows his instrument, while the rest are more drawn only for their roles; most of the leading cast feels quite lifelike. The story, if you like solid, if unspectacular, tension, is filled with mystery, refusing to reveal everything in the first ten minutes, leaving us to wonder what is driving this man to waver about on the ledge – and this cop to sit there with him.

The cinematography is quietly spectacular, utilizing, without overusing, unusual camera angles that illuminate the scene as various people might see it, from Robert’s view to that of a photojournalist searching for that perfect shot.

This is not a perfect movie. I wasn’t sweating with tension, sitting on the edge of my seat, sucking the enamel off my – nevermind. An occasional aside from the audience is not out of the question. But I enjoyed the exploration of the sick crevices of this man’s mind – and what appears to be motivating this sad behavior.

It’s listed as film noir, but I don’t think it quite qualifies. Regardless, if you like that sort of atmosphere, where a man’s life balances on the edge of a building, you could do worse than Fourteen Hours.

Having now read the Wikipedia entry, I’m a little scared. Too many deaths during production.

Susan Landau and Cathy O’Neil give an example  on Lawfare of how artificial intelligence is not quite as fool-proof as might be hoped:

Consider the recent example of Microsoft’s Tay-bot. This conversation-ready twitter bot was hastily removed sixteen hours after it was first put out. Tay had been carefully trained to avoid discussions of Eric Garner, but within a day the bot was spewing racist and anti-Semitic obscenities. According to Microsoft, this was because it was being trained through a “coordinated attack” by groups of Twitter users. And if you think we can get away with having bots that don’t “learn” from their interaction, we cannot. Without a dynamic interactive component, the bots will be obviously not human. We should learn our lesson from the Tay-bot; AI is simply not very smart yet.

One wonders how much ‘parenting’ the bot received. After all, the only intelligent beings who we respect are ourselves, so I (with my one college course in AI back in the 1980s <- this is known as self-snarking) would expect that our regimen for building an AI should include a ‘parenting’ phase, akin to our own – basically a supervised learning phase during which basic morality / ethics is instilled.

Judging from the reaction of the bot to the Twitter users, no such phase took place, and the bot, with no directives for, let us say, “right thinking”, went off the rails at the prompting of the “bigger boys”.

Regardless of the motivations of the Twitter users, I applaud their activities, as it exposes a flaw in this approach to AI. Fortunately for researchers, once they get the parenting phase right, then it should be a simple matter of copying that moral direction into each subsequent bot.

Unfortunately, parenting can be a hard thing to do. It might take years to finally get it right.

(A forgotten post, a little late.)

The mission to make judges the plaything of the masses continued unabated this election season, as Christie Thompson of The Marshall Project reports:

Outside groups spent more money on campaigns for seats on top state courts nationwide than ever before, an analysis by The Brennan Center for Justice shows. At least one seat was at stake in 27 states on Election Day.

Special interest organizations — most of which don’t have to disclose their donors under campaign finance laws — put a record $19.4 million into TV ads for judicial candidates, over half of all TV spending in these races. The Republican State Leadership Committee spent the most of any group, putting $4 million into eight different races as part of its stated effort to elect more conservative justices.

The spending largely failed to unseat the judges it targeted. In Kansas, Washington and Mississippi, for example, justices held onto their jobs despite costly efforts to remove them.

But spending by outside groups isn’t expected to drop off. As some experts pointed out, many judges were able to win re-election because they had plenty of money in their corner, too. “I think it can be misleading to just look at money going to challengers who lose and then concluding the money had no impact,” said Alicia Bannon, who closely follows judicial elections as senior counsel for the Brennan Center’s Democracy Program. “I fear the lesson is that money is important and may encourage more spending.”

And the idea that judges need money to remain judges is a very poor proxy for quality judicial results. In the Kansas retention battle, previously mentioned on this thread, Christie has some numbers for us:

The four justices targeted by the ads won their retention election with support from roughly 56 percent of voters. But Justice Caleb Stegall, who was not targeted in the ads, won with 71 percent.

Ya know, the whole idea of appointed judges, unaffected by the latest opinion polls, is a profoundly conservative, and I think good, idea – but if we trace the money, we find it’s conservative PACs and individuals who tend to throw money into these elections, and who appear to agitate for elected judges. Of course, the signal outrage are claims of “legislating from the bench”, and, according to Wikipedia, this goes all the way back to Thomas Jefferson, if under different phraseology. But sometimes decisions that go against you are simply decisions that go against you. Continuing to fight a legal battle by changing how the referees are picked, to be honest, smacks of sore losers who are stubborn because that’s how they were brought up, not to respect justice and the law.

Stanford scientists are trying to work out how birds fly:

From the press statement:

As a graduate student working with Stanford mechanical engineer David Lentink, Eric Gutierrez trained this member of the second smallest parrot species in order to precisely measure the vortices it creates during flight. Their results, published in the Dec. 6 issue of Bioinspiration and Biomimetics, help explain the way animals generate enough lift to fly and could have implications for how flying robots and drones are designed.

“The goal of our study was to compare very commonly used models in the literature to figure out how much lift a bird, or other flying animal, generates based off its wake,” said Diana Chin, a graduate student in the Lentink lab and co-author of the study. “What we found was that all three models we tried out were very inaccurate because they make assumptions that aren’t necessarily true.”

Fortunately, it only took a goggle-eyed mini-monster to show them the way.

In November, NASA & NOAA launched the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite — R series. Its purpose?

GOES-R launch. Credit: NASA/NOAA

GOES-R series satellites will provide images of weather pattern and severe storms as frequently as every 30 seconds, which will contribute to more accurate and reliable weather forecasts and severe weather outlooks. GOES-R’s environmental data products will support short-term weather forecasts and severe storm watches and warnings, maritime forecasts, seasonal predictions, drought outlooks and space weather predictions. GOES-R products will improve hurricane tracking and intensity forecasts, increase thunderstorm and tornado warning lead time, improve aviation flight route planning, provide data for long-term climate variability studies, improve solar flare warnings for communications and navigation disruptions and enhance space weather monitoring.

Gotta wonder if this would be going up under a Trump Administration. I wonder if this is going to contribute to the predicted problem with overloaded computer resources, as discussed here.

The appointments planned by Trump continue. Lawfare‘s Christopher Mirasola evaluates the two latest:

[Marine General John] Kelly [for DHS] has spent his entire professional career in the Marines. Until February 2016, General Kelly was the commander of U.S. Southern Command, overseeing military operations in South and Central America. Unlike other regional combatant commands, Southern Command is known for emphasizing “soft power,” and playing a particularly active role in humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, and local military training. Before his time at SOUTHCOM, Kelly previously commanded forces in Iraq and was an aid to Defense Secretaries Leon Panetta and Robert Gates. …

General Kelly is likely to face an easy confirmation. Senate Homeland Security Chairman Ron Johnson told reporters that Kelly “would be an outstanding pick.” Former Obama administration Defense Secretary Leon Panetta also endorsed Kelly, saying that “he has led our women and men in uniform and understands what it takes to keep our nation safe.”

And for ambassador to China?

[Iowa Governor Terry] Branstad has had experience with China, and Chinese President Xi Jinping in particular, over the course of his governorship. He first met Xi in 1985 during Xi’s visit to Iowa as a provincial agricultural official. The pair subsequently reconvened in 2012, when Xi was vice-president of China. …

Branstad’s appointment has been met with expert approval, and he is likely to be easily confirmed. China scholar Bonnie Glaser said that the appointment “means that the Trump team understands that it is important to have an ambassador who has access to Xi Jinping.” Obama administration Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack also commented that Branstad is “tenacious, and trust me, with the Chinese, you need to be tenacious.”

These two seem a little more reasonable than most.

NewScientist (26 November 2016) reports that SpaceX is planning to put thousands of communication satellites in orbit in order to enable a faster Internet:

The satellites will orbit at between 1150 and 1275 kilometres above Earth. SpaceX plans to kick things off with an initial constellation of 1600 satellites followed by a further 2825, all of which will be put into four orbital shells to improve coverage.

Geostationary orbit is at an altitude of 35,786 kilometres, so we’re not talking about a relatively high orbit, which would also engender high latency on the network; the article doesn’t say so, but perhaps concerns about high latency motivated the relatively low orbit. This is also more than the total number of satellites currently in orbit. But the real surprise?

Similar projects are being developed by Airbus, Virgin Galactic and Boeing, among others.

Source: NASA

I am led to speculate as to the average cost of putting a single satellite in orbit, and to wonder if this is potentially a spectacular waste of resources through duplication of effort. NewScientist notes that at the 800 satellite mark, SpaceX will be able to put the majority of the world online, and, if you think about it, thus begins the growth of dependency. This reminds me of a bit of history: J. J. Hill, a railroad baron, developed his empire in part by buying the land around the railroad as he laid the track and then gave it, or sold it cheaply, to immigrants who would then require the services of the railroad in order to get supplies and ship their crops. Could a similar scheme have been hatched at SpaceX? I think of this in connection with satellite replacement, because that’s a non-trivial cost – but if SpaceX can build the demand for the communications, they may be able to cover replacement costs easily.

Speaking of, I am unsure as to the lifetime of these satellites, and the possibilities of collisions with current and future satellites. Presumably, SpaceX has given this some thought …

The old horror classic Donovan’s Brain (1953) came across our plate recently. Starring Nancy Davis (Reagan) and Lew Ayres, it starts with a scientist, his wife (a nurse), and his alcoholic assistant, who happens to be a surgeon. They are experimenting on monkey brains at the home lab when a plane crashes nearby. The lone survivor’s brain is saved; it¹ recovers, and then begins to grow and exhibit powers, now that it’s been loosed of its burdensome, failing body. Eventually, it tries to take over the scientist and implement its ambitions.

Sounds awful, doesn’t it?

It’s not. Once the concept of working telepathy is accepted, the rest of the story falls into place. The dialog is good, including a number of unexpected, yet logical responses which indicate the writers dealt in more than canned phrases. The story features ambition, setback, reaction to the setback, surprise twist. The characters are well-drawn, and the acting, if not stellar, is good enough to support the movie. The technical aspects are adequate to the demands of the movie. The brain is pleasingly cheesy.

In the end, it disappoints a little as the ending seems predictable, yet it had to end somewhere. Themes might have been more deeply explored, it could have been darker, and yet, it … was good enough.

It’s not earth-shattering, but on a cold January afternoon, when the snow is blowing and you’re wondering if the Arctic is taking up residence on your porch, you could do worse than to watch Donovan’s Brain.

¹Do brains have gender?

… and agree to treat President-elect Trump in a singular way. This occurred to me as I was reading Steve Benen discussing, One More Time (yeah, I’m crabby about it now), how Trump likes to lie. In this case, it’s about all the illegal votes supposedly cast against him:

… it was just last week when the president-elect raised questions about the validity of his own election, insisting via social media that he secretly won the popular vote he lost “if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally.”

A wide variety of Republican officials, each of whom know Trump was lying, have defended the falsehood. Vice President-elect Mike Pence went so far as to say it’s “refreshing” to hear Trump speak his mind, even when he’s making demonstrably false claims.

But now we have evidence that even the president-elect’s lawyers have no use for their client’s dishonesty. Trump may claim there were “millions” of fraudulent ballots cast, but Trump’s legal filings say the exact opposite.

Trump’s attorneys went on to complain in its filing that Jill Stein “aims to sow doubts regarding the legitimacy of the presidential election.” And that, evidently, is problematic – because it’s Donald Trump’s job to sow doubts regarding the legitimacy of the presidential election.

The interviewers would agree to a simple protocol. During the interview, on his first attempt to assert a whopper, the interviewer stands up, and politely says, “That’s a self-serving lie, Mr. Trump. That’s unacceptable in a President. You are dismissed from this interview. Leave now.” And then have him escorted out while the interviewer turns his back.

Yep. Shame him. Note that self-serving is emphasized; I can accept that a President lies for purposes of foreign relations, although I would hope such a tactic is used sparingly. But for self-aggrandizement? To make himself feel better about his second-place finish in the popular vote?

Shame him.

It may not correct his behavior, but it would certainly make me feel better.

And for the interviewer who worries about losing access to someone who thinks he’ll soon be the most powerful person on Earth, just remember: Donald Trump is just another American citizen. Temporarily, he has a little more power, a little more influence. But it excuses nothing. Just as we might do this to our neighbor, it should be done to him.

Here in Minnesota, until today it’s been a comfortable and warm fall. But apparently all that heat’s going to head north and displace a lot of cold, cold air, according to NewScientist (26 November 2016):

SOMETHING is rotten in the state of the Arctic. Temperatures there have been an extraordinary 20 °C higher than the norm at this time of year.

For a few days, the sea ice began melting at a time when it should have been forming fast. And even before this melt, the ocean had been freezing over so slowly that the seasonal extent of sea ice over the past month was already the lowest ever recorded at this time of the year.

These unprecedented events are the result of unusual weather. Cold air from the Arctic has spilled south as far as Beijing, resulting in unusually cold weather across large parts of Asia, while warm air has flowed north to replace it. Climate change may be increasing the likelihood of this kind of event, by weakening the fast winds that circle the Arctic and keep the cold air locked in.

They end by noting a meteorologist commenting that this may indicate “all bets are off”. Earlier today I noted a report on the next few weeks weather being colder than usual, so this may be taken as a bit of confirmation. Right now we lack the required snow cover for the perennials to survive the winter, to cushion them from the occasional crossing over the freezing mark. Will we get that? We have been fortunate in getting some precipitation during this unusually warm start to the winter, as a former farmer has pointed out to me – rather than running off in the spring, as it might normally do, it’s soaking into the ground and, hopefully, reaching the aquifers.

Although I wonder if that’ll have an impact downstream (that is, down the Mississippi River), or if the precipitation amount doesn’t really matter that much.

Concerning lies on the Web, a reader writes:

When I cite Snopes.com as a reality check to some online they generally dismiss it as liberal lies. So…

Yes, I’ve noticed during the searches that some lead-ins suggest that Snopes is liberal and untrustworthy as well. I could dismiss this as the conservatives running around with cotton in their ears, screeching to avoid reality.

But that ignores the legitimate, and ancient, question: Who watches the watchers? Or, more to the point, who fact-checks the fact-checkers? How do we know Snopes is trustworthy? They have a long and respected history, but, like professional sports, what have you done for me lately? As questions about fact-checkers become more acute, we may see services which spot-check the various fact-checkers, perhaps randomly selecting entries. But then who checks … never mind.

But that lets me transition to the next question: for those who refuse to accept as true certain conclusions, no matter how well supported, what then do we do? While I think that, in the long run, such folks’ divergence from reality will gradually lead them to disappointing results, even to spectacularly tawdry endings (such as the fellow who invaded the pizzeria to start this thread), in the short run the cultural cognitive dissonance is certainly unsettling, much like the science denied by those Congresscritters who dislike having their favorite preconception destroyed, whether it be climate denial or various new-Age medical approaches.

But to my mind, there’s two things at work here. First, there are facts: whether or not there’s evidence of, say, a child-sex operation, or temperatures rising around the world. And then there’s the conclusions to be drawn – we didn’t investigate enough, or someone spread lies maliciously; the temperature rise is caused by human activity, or by solar activity. The fact-checkers do need to constrain their statements to the first group, since that’s how they describe themselves; the second group should be handled by advanced experts, although these days just about anyone with a keyboard will render an opinion, and often will be outraged when they’re told they don’t have the expertise to have an opinion.

Such is life today.

I haven’t paid a lot of attention to Tor, the anonymous communications tool, but this post by Nicholas Weaver on Lawfare remains interesting:

I have a strong civil liberties streak, but I cannot defend Tor hidden services.  The Tor project claims that hidden services, servers that only exist in the Tor network and act to hide the server’s IP, can protect activists and whistleblowers.  This is false.  Truly hidden Tor services (unlike Facebook which, although reachable as a “hidden service” does not actually attempt to hide the server’s IP address) are only useful for content that is unhostable anywhere on the general Internet.

If I want to host contact [content?] that annoys the Chinese I can use Amazon or even my home connection.  If I want to host content that annoys the United States I simply place my server in Russia.  It is only content which no country will tolerate and not even a “bulletproof” hosting provider like CyberBunker will host that benefits from hidden services.

Fortunately, I believe that there is a way around the problem of hidden services.  It is an open secret in the Tor community is that Tor is simply not designed to withstand global adversaries: someone who can see all the traffic as it enters and leaves the Tor network is assumed to be capable of deanonymizing the traffic.  This also implies that Tor is not capable of protecting against an adversary who generates the traffic which enters Tor and sees where the traffic leaves Tor.

He concludes:

Tor provides significant uses for those legitimately seeking anonymity or censorship resistance.  But hidden services represent a plague not only on the world at large but Tor itself.  “Tor is the tool of drug dealers and pedophiles” is powerful rhetoric that limits Tor’s more general appeal.

Powerful rhetoric indeed. It would make me pause thoughtfully before using Tor if I had such a need. Such services as Tor, if they’re to reach their potential, must be sensitive to the political winds. A whistleblower who feels the need for anonymity has to consider the possibility that they may yet end up publicly exposed, and if that happens they certainly don’t need false attributions that will cloud the issue they’re involved in.

So, if Nicholas is technically correct in his Tor assertions, it would probably serve Tor well to remove hidden services from their capabilities.

If they can. It’s possible that criminals have forced Tor developers to create hidden services.

Yesterday we took a little trip down to Owatonna, MN, to visit a Wells Fargo Bank branch.

Source: Public Domain, Link

Yeah, more than an hour’s drive.

The trick? The building it’s housed in is the first of the “jewel box” buildings built by the architect Louis Sullivan, originally constructed to house a branch of National Farmer’s Bank. To the right is the pic of the outside from Wikipedia. It’s certainly an unusual structure; decorated to convince its depositors that their treasure was safe inside this ornate chest.

A walk north up the street (a cold, windy walk) revealed a couple of other buildings with pretty awesome art deco detailing as well.  We saw the same art deco fruit and nut border motif on the Federated Insurance HQ building across the street from the bank, albeit the borders were not of the same quality as those they were imitating.

As spectacular as the outside of the box is, it’s the inside of the building that really sparkles. The Wikipedia page is quite correct: Wells Fargo welcomes visitors who simply come to gawk.

If your visit happens to be during a quiet period, one of the employees will come and discuss the structure with you. In our case, I think it was the assistant manager, although I could never quite get a look at his name badge.  He seemed to know just about anything – but, he admitted, he’d never tracked down the cost, in 1908 dollars, of putting the structure up. (Our research indicates that Sullivan and his team of craftsmen built the National Farmers’ Bank of Owatonna building in 1908 for $125,000 — more than $3 million in today’s dollars.) Otherwise, our guide had dates, construction and material details, symbology, past and future restoration projects and plans, and an appreciation of this part of his job: he clearly enjoyed the interaction. Better yet, there’s a balcony, positioned directly over the tellers’ station, which provides an excellent view.

All of our pictures were taken of the inside of the bank, and, sadly, some didn’t come out well, so I post those that did only to give a reason for having taken them.  This first one shows the medallion over the entrance to the bank, and while the picture is of not good quality, it does indicate the decorations of the bank are on an intricate agricultural theme: nuts and berries figure prominently.

These next four photos document the lighting strategy of 1908: Electroliers.  Four massive, cast iron, all-electric chandeliers holding numerous lights are suspended from the ceiling, each fixture weighing over two tons.   The detail on these fixtures is amazing, and it continues the agricultural theme (even if I pattern-matched it to sea horses and dragons). The final pictures’ background also provides some feeling for the detail in the decoration of the bank. The borders on the curved arch surfaces are not just paint over plaster; they’re molded, colored terra cotta clay.

These pictures below concentrate on some better views of the accents:

These next photos hint at the two large murals which also decorate the room, which continue the agricultural theme. These are from the Wells Fargo web site.

I’ll leave off trying to elaborate on the content of these pictures, lacking the skill to do so. There’s also some beautiful bronze work at some of the tellers’ stations and on the face of the clock.

While it’s possible to get caught up in the overwhelming detail of the borders and friezes, not all of the inside is this intricate. A substantial portion is simple brick work, and this is important because it gives the eye a place to rest.

If you’re in the area, it’s worth dropping in to see this masterwork of one of America’s first modernist architects.

(A substantial portion of this post was added by my Arts Editor, Deb White.)

Sounds like it might be getting cold, according to FishOutOfWater @ The Daily Kos:

The brutal chill will spread all the way from Anchorage, Alaska to Jacksonville Florida by next Friday while the Pacific coast warm up. Extremely unseasonable warmth will continue in easternmost Siberia and the central  Arctic. This is an absolutely bizarre weather pattern, with the kind of exaggerated waviness that Dr. Jennifer Francis and other scientists have linked to Arctic sea ice loss. This is an extreme example of the warm Arctic / cold continents pattern that Dr. Francis has written about in peer reviewed reports. The weather I am writing about this week direct follows the story I wrote 10 days ago about how warm water in the Barents and Kara seas, where sea ice used to be found this time of year, has destabilized the atmospheric circulation.

Wheee!

For ABC News, George Stephanopoulos interviews Mike Pence about the incoming Administration’s business strategy concerning Carrier and another company moving jobs to Mexico, Rexnord:

STEPHANOPOULOS: So does he now pick up the phone and call the head of Rexnord?

Does he call all these other companies who are going to move overseas?

PENCE: Well, I think what you’re going to see — and the president-elect will make those decisions on — on a — on a day by day basis in the — in the course of the transition and in the course of the administration.

But what you’re seeing emerge here — and I think it’s so exciting for millions of Americans — you should have seen the emotion on people’s faces…

STEPHANOPOULOS: We saw it.

PENCE: — at the Carrier plant, George. I mean this was — and I mean I — it was one of the most emotional experiences that I’ve had in my public career, the way people reached out, grabbed our president-elect by the hand and just said thank you AMB. ), because they see in him someone who’s going to fight for American jobs.

He’s going to fight on the world stage in negotiating trade deals. And he’s going to come here to Washington, DC and he’s going to fight to raised taxes, roll back regulations, repeal and replace ObamaCare and make American manufacturing come back to life.

STEPHANOPOULOS: You say he’s going to make these decisions on a — on a day by day basis.

Isn’t that picking winners and losers?

I mean Sarah Palin calls it crony capitalism?

I think it means there’s going to be significant unhappiness among firms, starting with these, but as the whim of the Administration impacts other industries over imagined or real injustices, it’ll spread to general industry. Can an Administration which targets individual companies, whether with tax incentives or with punishments, remain effective throughout its term? Or will it end up floundering about, looking foolish?

And will it matter to its supporters? I’m not sure Trump really needs the support of all of American and international business, just Wall Street and the health insurance industry may be enough to tide it over. But the business segment may look like someone took a thresher to it.