Goiter:
Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. The resulting bulge on the neck may become extremely large, but most simple goiters are brought under control before this happens. Occasionally a simple goiter may cause some difficulty in breathing and swallowing. [PubMed]
Mentioned by my Arts Editor last night, and I realized I had no clear idea of the meaning of the term. It appears to be descriptive and does not address causes. Here’s a helpful image:
These ladies suffer from iodine deficiency.