{"id":29265,"date":"2020-06-30T08:22:59","date_gmt":"2020-06-30T13:22:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/?p=29265"},"modified":"2020-06-30T08:24:23","modified_gmt":"2020-06-30T13:24:23","slug":"word-of-the-day-572","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/2020\/06\/30\/word-of-the-day-572\/","title":{"rendered":"Word Of The Day"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Transduction<\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>Transduction<\/b>\u00a0is the process by which foreign\u00a0<a title=\"DNA\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DNA\">DNA<\/a>\u00a0is introduced into a cell by a\u00a0<a title=\"Virus\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virus\">virus<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a title=\"Viral vector\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viral_vector\">viral vector<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>\u00a0An example is the viral transfer of\u00a0<a title=\"DNA\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DNA\">DNA<\/a>\u00a0from one\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Bacterium\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bacterium\">bacterium<\/a>\u00a0to another and hence an example of\u00a0<a title=\"Horizontal gene transfer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horizontal_gene_transfer\">horizontal gene transfer<\/a>. <sup id=\"cite_ref-HartlJones1998_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>Transduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DNA (which occurs in\u00a0<a title=\"Bacterial conjugation\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bacterial_conjugation\">conjugation<\/a>), and it is\u00a0<a title=\"Deoxyribonuclease\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deoxyribonuclease\">DNase<\/a>\u00a0resistant (<a title=\"Transformation (genetics)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transformation_(genetics)\">transformation<\/a>\u00a0is susceptible to DNase). Transduction is a common tool used by molecular biologists to stably introduce a foreign gene into a host cell&#8217;s\u00a0<a title=\"Genome\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genome\">genome<\/a>\u00a0(both bacterial and mammalian cells).<em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transduction_(genetics)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Wikipedia<\/strong><\/a>]<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Noted in &#8220;<a style=\"outline-width: 0px !important; user-select: auto !important;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/science\/2020\/06\/29\/coronavirus-mutation-science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>This coronavirus mutation has taken over the world. Scientists are trying to understand why,<\/em><\/a>&#8221; Sarah Kaplan and Joel Achenbach, <em><strong>WaPo<\/strong><\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Neville Sanjana, a geneticist at the New York Genome Center and New York University, was trying to figure out which genes enable SARS-CoV-2 to infiltrate human cells. But in experiments based on a gene sequence taken from an early case of the virus in Wuhan, he struggled to get that form of the virus to infect cells. Then the team switched to a model virus based on the G variant.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were shocked,\u201d Sanjana said. \u201cVoil\u00e0! It was just this huge increase in viral transduction.\u201d They repeated the experiment in many types of cells, and every time the variant was many times more infectious.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Transduction: Transduction\u00a0is the process by which foreign\u00a0DNA\u00a0is introduced into a cell by a\u00a0virus\u00a0or\u00a0viral vector.\u00a0An example is the viral transfer of\u00a0DNA\u00a0from one\u00a0bacterium\u00a0to another and hence an example of\u00a0horizontal gene transfer. Transduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DNA (which occurs in\u00a0conjugation), \u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/2020\/06\/30\/word-of-the-day-572\/\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29265"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29268,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29265\/revisions\/29268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}