{"id":12345,"date":"2017-10-15T10:22:26","date_gmt":"2017-10-15T15:22:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/?p=12345"},"modified":"2017-10-15T10:22:26","modified_gmt":"2017-10-15T15:22:26","slug":"word-of-the-day-251","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/2017\/10\/15\/word-of-the-day-251\/","title":{"rendered":"Word Of The Day"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Pyroclastic flow<\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A\u00a0<b>pyroclastic flow<\/b>\u00a0(also known scientifically as a\u00a0<b>pyroclastic density current<\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyroclastic_flow#cite_note-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>) is a fast-moving current of hot\u00a0<a title=\"Volcanic gas\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Volcanic_gas\">gas<\/a>\u00a0and volcanic matter (collectively known as\u00a0<a title=\"Tephra\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tephra\">tephra<\/a>), which reaches speeds moving away from a volcano of up to 700\u00a0km\/h (450\u00a0mph).<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyroclastic_flow#cite_note-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0The gases can reach temperatures of about 1,000\u00a0\u00b0C (1,830\u00a0\u00b0F). Pyroclastic flows normally touch the ground and hurtle downhill, or spread laterally under gravity. Their speed depends upon the density of the current, the volcanic output rate, and the gradient of the slope. They are a common and devastating result of certain\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Explosive eruptions\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Explosive_eruptions\">explosive eruptions<\/a>.<em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyroclastic_flow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Wikipedia<\/strong><\/a>]<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I&#8217;ve read this phrase so many times, and yet have never been entirely clear on its meaning. Noted in &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.discovermagazine.com\/rockyplanet\/2017\/09\/24\/indonesias-agung-raised-to-highest-alert-for-eruption\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Indonesia\u2019s Agung Raised to Highest Alert for Eruption<\/em><\/a>,&#8221; Erik Klemetti, <em><strong>Rocky Planet<\/strong><\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britishpathe.com\/video\/active-volcano-mount-agung-erupts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1963 eruption of Agung was big<\/a>. It\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/volcano.oregonstate.edu\/agung%E2%80%99s-eruption-wrath-gods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ranked as a VEI 5<\/a>, which is on the same scale as the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. The\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.earthobservatory.sg\/news\/unrest-agung-volcano-bali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">volcano has a history of eruptions<\/a>\u00a0of this scale, with another VEI 5 eruption that produced pyroclastic flows, lots of ash fall and some lava flows in 1843. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s004450050139\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1963 eruption also emitted lots of sulfur dioxide and chlorine<\/a>\u00a0into the atmosphere, which caused a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/thebusysignal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/natural_anthropogenic_models_narrow.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">brief global cooling<\/a>\u00a0over the next year.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pyroclastic flow: A\u00a0pyroclastic flow\u00a0(also known scientifically as a\u00a0pyroclastic density current[1]) is a fast-moving current of hot\u00a0gas\u00a0and volcanic matter (collectively known as\u00a0tephra), which reaches speeds moving away from a volcano of up to 700\u00a0km\/h (450\u00a0mph).[2]\u00a0The gases can reach temperatures of about 1,000\u00a0\u00b0C (1,830\u00a0\u00b0F). Pyroclastic flows normally touch the ground and hurtle \u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/2017\/10\/15\/word-of-the-day-251\/\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12345"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12346,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12345\/revisions\/12346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/huewhite.com\/umb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}